Urban Expansion Simulation And Optimization Of Central Cities In Wuling Mountain Area

Wu Ling Mountain area is located at the intersection of central and western regions of China,which is affected by weak radiation,low degree of division of labor and cooperation,and insufficient consideration of interests.This region was once one of the 14 contiguous poverty-stricken areas in China.It has the characteristics of a vast area at the interprovincial boundary and extensive multi-ethnic integration,and most of the areas are also old revolutionary base areas.The simulation and optimization of the central city expansion in the inter-provincial boundary region is of great positive significance for improving the core driving capacity of the central city and promoting the regional cooperation and leapfrog development driven by the central city.This paper based on Wu Ling mountain area and the actual situation of Huaihua city,the integrated use of humanistic geography,urban geography,econometrics,regional economics,urban planning,ecology and other disciplines theory,using ENVI5.1 software for remote sensing image processing,Arc GIS10.5 software to analyze spatial data,MATLAB9.5 economic data analysis software,step by step"Theory basic research-Question-Contact characteristics,influence factors and mechanism analysis-Spatio-temporal dynamic simulation verification-Strategy optimization"train of thought,construction of which is to study the Wu Ling mountain area center city.This paper mainly discusses three core questions.Core question 1:Why is Huaihua the central city of Wuling Mountain area?Core question 2:What are the connecting characteristics,influencing factors and expanding mechanism of Huaihua town expansion?How does the dynamic pattern of space-time change develop?Core question 3:How can Huaihua become the core growth pole of Wuling Mountain area?The paper focuses on 3 core questions and consists of 8 chapters.Apart from the theoretical basis research in the first chapter and the conclusion and prospect in the last chapter,this paper conducts concrete empirical research and discussion on the 3 core questions in 5 parts.Part 1:Analysis of central city selection in Wuling Mountain Area.It is the second chapter of this paper,focusing on answering the first core question.Mainly through the analysis of Wuling mountain area related to the economic development of the city,the selection of 21socio-economic indicators(2008-2018)with principal component analysis(PCA)Wuling mountain area,which,Huaihua,Tongren,Qianjiang,Zhangjiajie,En Shi and Jishou six central cities such as comprehensive strength,the result shows that comprehensive strength score of 2018,which is Huaihua(2.15),Enshi(0.92),Tongren(0.88),Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture(0.8),Zhangjiajie(0.62)and Qianjiang(0.27).Using the fracture model and the modified gravity model,calculation for the center with the six cities respectively its breaking point and contact strength of the economy,according to the results,which with the rest of the breaking point between the five cities all over the center of the city,2008-2018,which is with Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture(351),the highest Tongren(266),the mean intensity of economic links,and Zhangjiajie(37),Enshi(36),Qianjiang(10)low intensity of economic links.Comprehensively speaking,Huaihua is in the advantage level of Wuling Mountain area in terms of urban volume,urban comprehensive competitiveness,economic radiation ability and economic connection intensity,and has the conditions to develop into the central city of this region.Therefore,Huaihua is selected as the central city of Wuling Mountain area for empirical research.Part 2:Analysis on the characteristics of urban extension in Huaihua.It is the third chapter of this paper,focusing on answering the second core question.By collating data of 1949-2018,which is city proper,which is of central city in different periods of urban landscape development vein combing and characteristic analysis,know which is the center city town extends the experienced slow growth period(1949-1969,0.54 km2-1.79 km2),period(1970-1975,7 km2),steady expansion stage(1976-1999,18km2),rapid expansion(2000-2018,64 km2).The scale expansion of the central urban area shows the characteristics of continuity and stages.Finally,the population of permanent residents,eight indexes such as GDP,Huaihua city set up internal urban comprehensive quality evaluation index system,using analytic hierarchy process AHP comprehensive evaluation which is the development of 13 counties quality,through analysis of the breaking point model of downtown radiation scope,through analysis of the modified gravity model of downtown 12 counties(city)and reach the other strength of economic ties between towns research results show that Hecheng District and other12 counties are relatively close and have enough appeal to do big city scale.It lays an empirical foundation for exploring the influencing factors,expansion mechanism and future urban expansion direction of Huaihua city.Part 3:Analysis of influencing factors and mechanism of urban expansion in Huaihua.It is the fourth chapter of this paper,focusing on answering the second core question.Starting with the influencing factors and action mechanism of general urban expansion,this paper takes Huaihua,the central city of Wuling Mountain area,as an example for empirical analysis and discussion,and makes an in-depth study of urban expansion mode and development mechanism of Huaihua city.The expansion of urban space in Huaihua follows the universal law of urban space expansion.However,due to the particularity of location,policy orientation and regional development differences,it has its own characteristics in specific forms of expression.Huaihua city expansion of urbanization is mainly affected by geographical environment,infrastructure,economic development,urban planning,social culture,the profound influence of the administrative boundary effect,cycles of agglomeration and diffusion actuation mechanism,the spatial evolution mechanism of self-organization and his organization reconstruction mechanism is the profound influence which expansion of urban space,and presents the following features to relationship:(1)Huaihua city center and city jurisdiction over thecounty urban area layout in the town proper significantly affected by the river and the distribution of the mountains,but the improvement of traffic condition makes Huaihua town extended constantly breakthrough the limitation of the natural geographical conditions,dendritic extends along the railroad and the arterial road,and further enhance the contact between the Wuling mountain area town.(2)the development of the economic and industrial concentration,especially the construction of industrial district greatly promote urban suburban land development and utilization of national strategy and policy support,at all levels of urban planning and reasonable guide are constantly reshaping and optimization of urban spatial structure of Huaihua city,forming a"One nucleus,two axes and five centers"the area of urban space system.(3)Ethnic integration has broken the original pattern of multi-ethnic groups living in scattered communities in Wuling Mountain area,and the desire for a better life has led to population migration within the region.The urban space has been continuously extending to the outer edge of the town,and the urban boundary has been expanding to the surrounding area.With its leading urban comprehensive strength,Huaihua has become a gathering place for population migration,forming a regional growth pole and driving the spatial development of a wider area around it through diffusion effect.(4)Geographical environment,transportation basis,economic development,urban planning,social culture and other factors,the cycle driving mechanism of agglomeration and diffusion,the evolution mechanism of spatial self-organization and the reconstruction mechanism of spatial other organization all finally show the correlation between the change of permanent resident population and the change of urban land use.Part 4:Spatio-temporal dynamic simulation analysis of Huaihua town expansion.It is the fifth chapter of this paper,focusing on answering the second core question.Firstly,two core indexes,the scale of urban land use and the scale of resident population,are adopted to represent the urban expansion of the central city.The Malthus model is used to simulate and predict that the size of the resident population in Huaihua reaches 5.0328 million,5.1676 million and 5.306 million respectively in 2020,2025 and 2030.ESTARFM remote sensing data andspatio-temporal fusion model is used to fuse Landsat and MODIS data to obtain time series Landsat8 fusion data.Combining terrain and geomorphology,traffic network,river hydrology,social economy and other driving factors data,object-oriented classification method is adopted to extract cover type information of Huaihua city in 2000,2005,2010 and 2015.Then,a cellular automata(Weight-CA)model is constructed to simulate theurban space expansion in Huaihua city,taking into account three transition rules and five types of celluar state transition characteristics such as urban land,forest land,arable land,water and unused land.And the study shows that:(1)Extracting cover type precision of to 91.55%,89.29%,84.73%and 90.16%respectively,the remote sensing data interpretation method improved the precision of data for this research laid a good foundation.(2)From 2000 to 2015,the main urban land in Huaihua is concentrated in the central region of the city,including Hecheng(central city),Zhi River,Zhongfang,Hongjiang City and Hongjiang District.(3)According to the simulation analysis,the urban land scale of Huaihua in 2010 and 2015 were respectively 15,660hm~2and 18,595 hm~2,and the accuracy reached 89.98%and 89.60%compared with the statistical yearbook value.(4)The urban land expansion of Huaihua in 2020,2025 and 2030 is simulated,and the results of 19618hm~2,25332hm~2and 31105hm~2are obtained.Finally,through image analysis,the urban land expansion in Huaihua is mainly characterized by the"cross"distribution and the track along the river,and the urban expansion in the central urban area of Huaihua is mainly characterized by the development process of"point type"-"scattered point group type"-"group city type"-"branched radiation type"-"T-shaped".From the perspective of empirical research,this paper demonstrates that the permanent population scale and urban land scale of Huaihua make it capable of developing into the central city of Wuling Mountain area.Part 5:Analysis on optimization Strategy of Huaihua central City in Wuling Mountain Area.It is the sixth and seventh chapters of this paper,focusing on answering the third core question.Mainly discussed,which want to build into a Wuling mountain area center city must solve urban spatial pattern still need to improve,still need to adjust the industrial spatial structure,the open traffic building still needs to strengthen,the resources development mechanism need to be perfect,such as administrative divisions to coordinating restrictive factors,which is the main body growth pole and the equalization development strategy,put forward in urban space,urban and rural integration,industry layout,traffic channel function optimization innovation strategy,system and mechanism,etc.Huaihua leads the Wuling Mountain region to actively align national strategies,connect the Chengdu-Chongqing city cluster,southwest China,Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,and take an open development path.The 12 cities in Wuling Mountain area will work together to establish the coordination and management organization of"Wuling Mountain Area Cooperation Demonstration Zone",and formulate the principles,goals and paths of regional cooperation.Huaihua has the strength to drive the overall development of Wuling Mountain area.The Region should take Huaihua as the center,constantly promote the cooperation in key areas,and realize that Huaihua will drive the overall development of the region.Huaihua is actively developing in tandem with Tongren,Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture,Qianjiang,Enshi and Zhangjiajie,realizing the coordinated spatial development of six central cities.Huaihua fully connected with the group development of Tongren and Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture and formed the core development area of"Iron Triangle"in Wuling Mountain area.With Huaihua's"meter-shaped"railway as the skeleton and expressways and national and provincial trunk roads as the context,it fully connects Chongqing,Guiyang,Liuzhou,Changsha,Chenzhou,Enshi and other cities to form a"hexagon"hinterland of Wuling Mountain area,and finally realizes the grid development of points,lines and planes.