| This dissertation documented and categorized an unprecedented collection of behavioral descriptions of senior leader misbehavior. Data involving 695 example of misbehavior from 484 critical incidents were collected from interviewees from 10 countries (China, Colombia, France, Germany, Iceland, India, Italy, Nigeria, Poland, and Turkey), representing all but the Anglo cultural cluster as delineated by the GLOBE project. These were then used to delineate 48 homogenous categories of senior leader misbehavior: Falsification and Manipulation of Documents and Records; Theft of Organizational Funds, Assets, and Resources; Misuse of Organizational Funds, Assets, and Resources for Personal Purposes; Tax Evasion/Fraud; Providing Bribes/Kickbacks; Accepting Bribes/Kickbacks; Soliciting Bribes/Kickbacks; Use and Abuse of Alcohol or Drugs; Condoning or Overlooking Wrongdoing; Coercing/Compelling the Wrongdoing of Others; Tardiness and Withdrawal; Taking Credit for the Work of Others; Unjustly Projecting Blame on Others; Uncivil/Abusive Communication or Behavior; Humiliation of Another; Physical Incivility; Allowing Emotions to Affect Behavior; Operating from a Position with a Conflict of Interest; Misuse of Power/Position; Micro-management; Sabotaging Other Individuals; Taking Clients, Customers, or Commissions from Others; Failing to Speak Up; Failing to Consult and Isolating Oneself from the Ideas of Others; Withholding/Impeding the Flow of Information; Lying and Deception; Improper Acquisition, Use, and Revealing of Confidential Information; Whistle Blowing; Imposing Harsh or Unreasonable Work Conditions; Laying Off Workers; Social or Cultural Norm Violations; Price Fixing, Controlling Markets, and Collusion; Fleeing Punishment; Making Ill-Advised, Risky, or Illegal Decisions to the Detriment of the Organization or Segments of it; Negligent Decision-Making Toward Society, the Region, or One's Jurisdiction, and Selling Unsafe Products; Intentional Circumvention of Laws/Regulations; Using Organizational Resources, Funds, etc. to Compete with the Organization; Disobeying Orders; Incompetence and Shirking; Setting a Bad Example; Failure to Coordinate with Other Leaders; Concealing Incompetence; Taking Advantage of Others, Cheating, and Defrauding; Breaking Promises and Betraying Trust; Nepotism, Favoritism, and Preferential Treatment; Sexual Impropriety; Discrimination; Opposing Employee Development.;Analyses indicate that many of these senior leader misbehaviors are either universal or are observed in multiple countries from different cultural clusters, they are often have counterparts among lower-level employees' counterproductive workplace behaviors, and over 30% co-occur with other misbehaviors. |
