| Compared with other countries, any discussion of corruption has been a recent phenomenon in China, especially if the research used a quantitative method. One of the unexplored aspects of current China studies is a measure and explanation of the impact of corruption in different regions in China. This study is both descriptive and exploratory of the manifestation and determinants of corruption in Transitional China. It highlights the differences in the forms of corruption, intensity of corruption, and the major etiological factors behind it. This study assesses corruption within traditional criminological as well as multi-disciplinary perspectives and employs three theoretical levels of analysis---structural, institutional, and individual, and analyzes the causes and determinants of increased corruption-related crimes in China. The major findings are: 1) anti-corruption enforcement is effective on some forms of corruption but not all; 2) corruption manifests itself in different forms at different stages of development (1980-1988; 1989-1997; 1998-2007); and 3) the same forms of corruption manifest differently in different stages. The impact is also dynamic. The quantitative empirical results show that the same factors do not necessarily have the same impact on the different forms of corruption. |
