Analyses of structural change: Input-output approaches

This dissertation explores the processes of structural change associated with the interaction between sectors, by examining the techniques for structural analysis of regional economies within input-output framework and applying them to analyze changes in economic structure.; In the first part, the field of influence approach is employed to offer a meso-level perspective, creating a view of the economy that traces the impacts of any sectoral change on the rest of the system. Using this new tool, the Chicago economy during the period 1980--1997 was evaluated. The results demonstrate gradual changes in the hierarchies of forward and backward linkages over time. These changes and differences among sectors can be attributed partly to the hollowing-out phenomenon, in which some sectors have altered their dependence for intermediate inputs from local to other locations.; In the second part, the RAS technique is used to investigate the structural changes in the Chicago economy over the period 1980--1997, and this technique is compared with econometric models for its predictability. The analysis reveals that the RAS technique derives relatively accurate estimates of the coefficients for a short period and in terms of holistic accuracy. Moreover, the RAS estimates are better than regression estimates of biproportional changes over time, indicating an advantage of the RAS technique to capture small changes. However, for a longer period, the RAS estimates decrease in accuracy.; In the third part, Miyazawa's extended input-output framework is employed to measure the impacts of unscheduled events, such as major natural disasters, that cause simultaneous changes in both supply and demand, as well as changes in value-added and consumption behavior. In addition, Sequential Interindustry Model is used to trace the impact over time within a static framework. These analytical methods are applied to the Great Hanshin Earthquake, which occurred in January 17, 1995, in Japan. The estimation of interregional impacts indicates that the sizable impacts spread over other regions through interregional trades and consumption. Moreover, the schedule of recovery activities made significant differences in the positive impacts over time and across regions.