Research On Evaluation Method Of The Low-Carbon City And Its Application

Global warming,environmental pollution and energy crisis,etc.are threatening the survival and development of human beings.China has become the largest carbon dioxide emission country in the world,and is under increasing international pressure on carbon dioxide emission reduction.According to the statistics of the United Nations,cities in the world have accommodated more than half of the world's population,which emit more than 75%of the total greenhouse gas emissions In order to mitigate climate change and ensure the sustainable development of human society,the development of low-carbon economy is considered as a new way for cities to achieve sustainable development.Low-carbon cities have become the common pursuit of all countries in the world.Many international metropolises are proud of building low-carbon cities.In order to promote the development of low-carbon cities,it is necessary to establish a set of low-carbon city evaluation system with reasonable design and easy operation,to determine the main factors that affect the development of low-carbon cities,to identify the main problems in the development of low-carbon cities,and to provide theoretical basis and reference for urban managers to formulate corresponding policies.Many experts and scholars in China and overseas have conducted exploratory research on the theory and methods of low-carbon economic evaluation.However,the research on the theory and method of low-carbon cities' relevant evaluation is not mature enough and perfect.Based on this,this paper studies construction method,empowerment method and evaluation method of low-carbon city evaluation index system,as well as does empirical study of low-carbon city.The specific work is as follows:(1)Construction of Evaluation Index System of Low Carbon-City Based on Expert Group Decision-making.First,the relevant concepts and theories of low-carbon cities are combed.The"Pressure-State-Response"(PSR)model,the“Driving-State-Response”(DFSR)model,low-carbon economic evaluation trial index in China ecological county,ecological city and ecological province,and low-carbon economic evaluation index constructed by China and overseas' experts and scholars are comprehensively considered.Based on high-frequency index of authoritative institutions and typical viewpoints,the mass selection index set is established to ensure the authority and comparability of the evaluation index system.Secondly,the questionnaire is designed according to the mass selection index set,and experts from low-carbon economy are invited to score the evaluation index.Then,an expert group decision-making weighting model based on the indicator level is constructed to calculate the weights of the mass selection indicators.Finally,according to the size of the weights,the indicators are screened to construct a.low-carbon city evaluation index system.Through the selection of indicators of expert group decision-making,the group wisdom of experts is fully considered,and the rationality of low-carbon city evaluation is ensured.(2)Construction of G1 Combination Weighting Model Based on Gini Modified Groups.In order to take into account the experts' decision making intention and data information of the index,this paper uses the subjective objectively modified weighting idea to determine the subjective and objective combined weights.First,according to the expert group decision-making ideas to determine the importance of the evaluation index ranking,to ensure that the order of the importance of indicators can take into account the wishes of group decision-making experts.Then,in order to further consider the data information of the index,measure the ability of the index to distinguish the evaluated object,the objective weight of the evaluation index is calculated by the Gini coefficient weighting method,and the ratio of the importance of the adjacent index is calculated by the Gini coefficient weight of the index.Finally,using the G1 weighting method to calculate the weight of the subjective and objective combination of indicators.The weight of the combination is determined by the importance of the indicators given by the experts and the wishes of the group decision experts are taken into account.The Gini coefficient weight of the indicator reflects the data information of the index and the ability to distinguish the evaluated object.(3)Construction of Evaluation Model of Low Carbon-City Based on Combined Weighting TOPSIS Method.The main characteristic of low-carbon city evaluation is that many indicators have clear target values or ideal values.Based on this,this paper constructs a combination of weighting TOPSIS low-carbon city evaluation model based on the TOPSIS method combined with the subjective and objective combination of the model.First,the weights of the evaluation indexes are calculated by Gini modified group G1 method,and the standardized data are weighted by the combination weights.Then,according to the data of the evaluation index and the development goal of low-carbon city,the”ideal solution" and "negative ideal solution" of low-carbon city evaluation are determined.Finally,according to the distance between the evaluation object and the "ideal solution" and "negative ideal solution",the ranking of the evaluation objects is determined.(4)An Empirical Study on the Development Level of Low-carbon City in Qinhuangdao from 2005 to 2015.First,based on Qinhuangdao City's low-carbon economic development status and low-carbon economy research theory,the evaluation index system and development goals of low-carbon city in Qinhuangdao are determined.Then,using Gini modified group G1 combination weighting method to determine the combined weight of the evaluation index.Finally,an empirical study of the low-carbon city development level in Qinhuangdao from 2005 to 2015 is conducted by using the combined weighting TOPSIS evaluation model.The factors that affect the development of low carbon city in Qinhuangdao are analyzed,the problems in the development of low carbon city in Qinhuangdao are found out,and the corresponding development countermeasures for the development of low carbon city in Qinhuangdao are put forward.