Research On Consolidating Chinese Ecological Consensus In The New Era

As China's Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,the Party Central Committee with Xi Jinping as its core has placed the construction of ecological civilization in the prominent position of the national development strategy.It has clearly pointed out that the modernization we want to achieve is the modernization in which man and nature can coexist harmoniously,with Building Beautiful China as one of the goals of constructing a powerful socialist country.And the timetable and road map for achieving the goal has also been set.Beautiful China belongs not only to the state,the government,but also toeveryone.The construction of ecological civilization has a long way to go and need highly participation of the people,which requires the building of the most extensive ecological consensus to be cohesive for the construction of "beautiful China".Building China's ecological consensus in the new era,it is necessary to form the consensus of ecological road,ecological theory,ecological system and ecological culture.And these four major consensusesare all from the specific practice,theoretical guidance,system improvement and cultural construction,whichconstitute the four major parts of the construction of ecological civilization in the new era.Facing severe situation on resource shortage,air pollution and ecological degradation,people have reached a consensus on the importance,necessity and urgency of ecological civilization construction.But this does not naturally constitute a realistic motive force to promote the construction of ecological civilization.Under the effect of interest differentiation and interest-driven mechanism,different social subjects are intertwined.The differences in their understanding of the construction of ecological civilization will not be fully integrated in the short term.To gain the widest ecological consensus in the new era,the divergences and problems existing in the construction of ecological civilizationmust be seriously analyzed.These divergences are manifested as follows: Firstly,some local party and government leaders with low awareness of ecological responsibilityare still confined to the traditional concept of development,misunderstanding the construction of ecological civilization;moreover,in order to pursue political interests such as career promotion,some officials still unilaterally pursue the obvious goal of GDP,which seems easy to achieve in the short term.And these people of course are lack of enthusiasm on the implicit goal of ecological environment protection and environmental governance,which is hard to achieve in the short term.Second,from the perspective of environmental justice,inequality of power and responsibility caused by the gap between the rich and the poor and inequitable distribution is widespread.There are great disparities in the possession,use and consumption of natural ecological resources between different regions,urban and rural areas,industrial sectors.People in the rich strata,urban residents and developed areas(these can be called as the dominant groups)and people in the poor class,the rural residents and backward areas(these can be called social vulnerable groups)are not equal in the sharing of environmental interests and environmental responsibilities.These practical interests differentiation easily lead to people's psychological imbalance,thus restricting the achievement of ecological consensus.Thirdly,some enterprises driven by the interest seek only the maximum benefits,ignoring ecological interests and social welfare,and lacking the awareness of ecological sustainability and social responsibility.Fourthly,some public already have some awareness of environmental protection,but they only care about the environmental problems directly related to their own interests.Their environmental awareness is still in a low level,they are lack of ecological responsibility consciousness,and the complex of "following the crowd" and "hitchhiking" is popular.Fifth,besides the subjective and objective reasons of interest differentiation and interest driving,the imperfect platformof ecological consensus is an important reason to restrict the formation of ecological consensus.Specific manifestations are:the ecological environment quality information disclosure platform is not perfect enough to meet the public's right to know;the environmental rights and interests appeal platform doesn't work effectively,affecting the public'sright to express;environmental decision-making platform lags behindwhich seriously influences the enthusiasm of public participation.All these factors restrict the formation of ecological consensus.In order to gather the widest ecological consensus,resolve differences and contradictions in the new era,we must adhere to the following principles: First,the principle of fairness and justice which is the principle to be followed in solving environmental injustice.Secondly,the principle of equal consultationwhich is committed to achieve equal communication between the main bodies,to eliminate and resolve the interests of different subjects contradictions,to maximize public interests.Thirdly,the principle of the unity of rights and responsibilities,this is the proper description of the relationship between rights and responsibilities,which pursue Public interest.The public interest of environmental interests determines that each actor cannot selfishly possess ecological interests without assuming corresponding environmental responsibilities(obligations).Only each actor of the body consciously observes the principle of unity of rights and obligations to minimize differences.Fourthly,the principle of both incentive and restraint should be emphasized.Consensus needs to provide appropriate incentives,that is,to give actors visible and tangible benefits,to stimulate their awareness of ecological responsibility while some rigid restraints must be setso that anti-ecological behavior can be properly punished.It can also play a certain role in social warning.On the basis of the above principles on differences and problems,the new era will bring together China's ecological consensus in the following ways: Firstly,strengthening the propaganda and education on the construction of ecological civilization,the whole society is guided to establish the consciousness of ecological civilization to form ecological consensus by playing basic role of school education,the role of media in guiding public opinion and the exemplary role of ecological community construction.Second,throughestablishing a scientific performance-oriented mechanism,a sound ecological assessment and evaluation system and ecological environment damage accountability system,the performance evaluation system of local Party and government departments can be optimized,which can stimulate the formation of ecological consensus of Party and government cadres.Thirdly,the fair balance of interests and safeguard mechanism should be improved to realize the benefit sharing,and the regional differences,urban-rural differences and industrial differences must be solved to promote the formation of ecological consensus.Fourthly,In order to encourage enterprises,environmental protection social organizations and the public to participate in the construction of ecological civilization incentive and compatibility mechanism can be established to provide impetus and support for the cohesion of ecological consensus,while severe punishment must be imposed on enterprises for illegal pollutant discharge,so as to form a consensus “dare not to pollute and can not pollute”.Finally,the open platform of environmental information,the platform for appealing environmental rights and interests should be improved and the platform of environmental decision-making participationshould be completed.Through building an ecological consensus platform,theecological consensus can be formed.