The Modern Transformation Of "Beijing Mandarin" And Written Language

One of the most significant changes in modern Chinese literary history is Modern Vernacular replaced the classical Chinese. It occurred in the late 19th century, and completed in the early 20th century. This change has always existed in Late Qing Dynasty. This paper discusses the process from spoken language to literary language in Late Qing Dynasty.The upper describes the formation of "Beijing Mandarin"——a widely used spoken language. There are three reasons for making the "Beijing Mandarin" become the prevailing language. The first is the promotion of imperial rule and the need for cultural identity.The second is Beijing the capital of the Ming and Qing dynasties had a lasted influence in political, economic and cultural. The third reason is tremendous changed in society contributed to population movements, since the 19th century. Beijing Mandarin pop up, and then written language has changed.In the middle part of the paper analysis of these effects. Discussed in the written language tends to oral-that is, "Genbun itchi" trend, how the prevailing standard of spoken into the written language. And this written language absorbed some elements of Western languages. The written language is a transitional period of the modern vernacular.Integration of Western language in the Chinese language, which is usually called the "Europeanization". It is mainly reflected in new words, new syntax and new writing skills.is mainly caused by the translation of Western literature.A large extent, harmonic oral and Europeanization can be seen as a driving force for writing language. Missionaries particularly those perceived and experienced, were the first people to do it. They use the "Beijing Mandarin" for writing and translation. Through continuous "experiment and research" to reconcile the two. After years of "experiments and research", the most outstanding missionaries master the written language, and its representativeis The Union Mandarin Bible.The lower part of the paper is discussed who is the Language Revolution leader, since the mid-19th century. The emperor began to promote the language of revolution. Then other people began to promote the revolution. Advocates from around the country gentry became public. Purpose is to improve the quality of the people, not to keep a family on the imperial rule. Missionaries gradually withdraw from center stage, led the Chinese written language began to change. The latter has always followed the trail blazed by the former.