An Analysis Of Marx's "Completed Humanism" Thought

"Completed humanitarianism" is a concept extracted from the manuscript of economics and philosophy in 1844,and "completed" means "fully implemented to the end".As a distinctive and controversial theoretical growth point in the manuscript,"completed humanitarianism" has a staggered milestone significance.On the one hand,it outlines Marx's quest for "historical mystery" after "religious mystery" and "national mystery",which shows why he praised humanitarianism in his youth.By virtue of the twin alliance of political economy and philosophy,Marx revealed the multi-dimensional way of "historical mystery" from the anatomy of civil society.The "completed humanitarianism" at both ends of the framework is not only an important breakthrough to understand the concepts contained in the manuscript itself and related concepts,but also an indispensable red line to decode the ideological outlook of young Marx,or a powerful weapon to fight back against various unnecessary "accusations" imposed on the manuscript."Completed humanitarianism" is mainly to answer the following questions,that is,why is this concept implanted in Marx's mind? What are the multiple causes? How can humanitarian "accomplished" be highlighted? What are the specific aspects? As a thought shaped in the Victorian era,what kind of enlightenment does it have for the contemporary Chinese socialist humanitarianism?Humanitarianism is not unique to Marx's originality.Looking back on the history of western humanitarianism,it has gone through Renaissance,enlightenment,utopian socialism and Feuerbach humanism.The discussion of humanitarianism in these schools either regards man as an abstract existence raised from the ranks of animals,lacking empirical social analysis and scientific exploration;or they leave the argument of man at the level of philosophical speculation,not from the coordinates of social relations.In the face of the fundamental defects in the previous achievements,on the one hand,Marx criticizes and inherits the positive achievements,excavates rich materials from the theoretical elucidation of philosophy,political economy and utopian socialism,so as to open up a broad and contracted vision pattern for the construction of "completed humanitarianism";on the other hand,he focuses on social practice and is familiar with the people advertised by the bourgeoisie.Taoism myth,but a lot of lies,people are still in the capital logic under the domination of not free,miserable very.At the same time,Marx,in his personal experience of social torrent,accepted the edification of enlightenment,romanticism and philosophy of consciousness,gradually moved from criticizing religious theology to analyzing political state,and finally settled in civil society,starting the ideological journey of "completed humanitarianism"."Completed humanitarianism",as an important category with rich connotation in the manuscript,mainly has the following connotations: as a value goal,"completed humanitarianism" is a double transcendence of hypocrisy and one-sided political liberation of religious liberation,which solves the contradiction between individuals and classes,between people and people by exploring the main revolutionary force of the proletariat.On the basis of social emancipation,it expresses the demand of human emancipation;as a kind of survival experience,"completed humanitarianism" reveals the alienation state of human under capitalist production conditions,points out that the root of proletarian poverty lies in the employment nature of labor,and advocates to solve the contradiction between existence and nature,objectification and self confirmation by sublating private property,and to restore.As a kind of harmonious state,"completed humanitarianism" and "completed naturalism" coexist.Only by endowing nature with human's initiative,revealing the multi roles of nature and material,labor,practice,and production,can we link the multi-dimensional unity of nature and society.At the same time,only by fully realizing the human's self-consciousness can we link up the multi-dimensional unity of nature and society.However,the passivity of nature can transcend the stereotype of anthropocentrism and non anthropocentrism in the process of transforming the world,sublate the negative effect of capital logic on natural alienation,and realize the coordination of natural priority and human subjectivity in solving the contradiction between human and nature.Is "completed humanitarianism" equivalent to communism? As one of the indispensable important dimensions,Marx in the manuscript,through the investigation of various schools of communism,made clear the view that "self alienation and the development and abandonment of self alienation follow the same path",which actually showed that communism emerged in the form of the movement of developing and abandoning private property.Although naturalism and humanitarianism constitute its philosophical basis,as the answer to the historical mystery,it emphasizes to open the history of human being as human being in the process of negation of negation of "human non human human".Undoubtedly,this kind of communism is also romantic,which is an attempt to explore the ideal society in the conceptual flow of speculative discourse.The realization of "completed humanitarianism" is a natural historical process,but we are on the way to the ideal vision.Although the humanitarian mission of capitalism hasn't been completed,it even drags human freedom into the wheel with capital as the axis and throws it back to the opposite side of all-round development;despite the arduous and tortuous exploration of socialist humanitarianism,there have been mistakes in theory and practice,and there have been anti humanitarian and inhuman phenomena.These are all "temporary" in historical position and stage,which has its inevitability of existence,but we cannot deny the openness and advancement of socialist humanitarianism.At present,our humanitarian construction has made historic achievements.It is not only committed to people's yearning for a better life,improving people's living standards,safeguarding people's rights and interests,but also actively participated in the construction of global human rights governance,contributing Chinese wisdom and Chinese programs to the construction of a common future for mankind.It can be said that socialist humanitarianism is the necessary stage of "completed humanitarianism",but "completed humanitarianism" will not end human history.The destination of "completed humanitarianism" is a new starting point for mankind to embark on a new journey!...