Research On The Influence Of Congressional Research Service On U.S. Policy Toward China(1969-1991)

Nowadays,information is playing a most important role than ever before.Information is influencing the direction of national strategic decision-making and international relations.Congress,as an important participant in the foreign policy of the United States,also needs information when participating in setting foreign policies to avoid a disadvantage.The Congressional Research Service(CRS)is an exclusive think tank of the United States Congress,and is playing an extremely important role in the work of Congress.The CRS has the same function with other think tanks such as providing policy ideas,policy suggestions,decision-making research,a discussion platform,as well as seminars for Congress.However,it is different in providing all kinds of information data support service for Congress,namely data storage service,background material support for research problems,assembly and other services as an important source of information and policy advice department.The comments of Congress play a relatively important role in American diplomatic decision-making process.Views on U.S.policy towards China in Congress are often divided,because hundreds of members of Congress represent different parties and interest groups.The lobbying of interest groups and the research of think tank also have an increasingly important influence on the legislation of Congress.Beyond the most crucial role of the president of the United States in foreign policy towards China,Congress is also one of the most important factors.The attitude of Congress towards Sino-U.S.relation,influenced by the changes in international relations and the national conditions of China and the United States,kept changing especially in the middle and later period of the cold war that this paper focuses on.The U.S.policy towards China has been changing all the time,and the relationship between them has experienced ups and downs,from the opening of the deadlock to the slow development,and then to the easing of the deadlock and to the establishment of normal relations.Since the establishment of diplomatic relations,the relationship between the two countries has also been in constant crisis especially on Taiwan question which has caused constant conflict.This paper tries to prove that the CRS is an important and exclusive think tank of Congress and plays an important role in the foreign policy by studying the CRS and its policy decision on China.This paper consists of three parts including introduction,main body and conclusion.Introduction part outlines research origin,research content,research spaces and research significance.Through the research review,current research status at home and abroad is scanned and summarized.The main body,which consists of four chapters,discusses the study of policy decision made by the United States towards China during the period from 1969 to1991.The details are as follows:Chapter one defines the concept and classification of think tank discussed in this paper,traces the historical development of American think tank and shows its role in American diplomatic decision-making process.It specifically analyzes and demonstrates the similarities and differences between the CRS and most think tanks,and puts forward the information demand and information sources of Congress,and the services as well as influence of CRS on Congress.Finally,the paper discusses in detail the historical context of the emergence and development of the CRS.The theme of chapter two is the study of the Congressional Research Service to the question of Chinese restoration of legal seats in the United Nations(UN).This chapter shows American‘forced shift of perspective'on the historic question of restoring Chinese rightful seat at the UN,the debate at the 26^th session of UN General Assembly between America and countries representatives representing Chinese interests and American analysis to Chinese policy after China entered into the fold.America has constantly adjusted its policy of blocking China under the trend of historical development in accordance with its consistent policy of obstruction and has blocked China in the UN for a total of 22 years on the question of the restoration of Chinese legitimate seat in UN.The debate between the United States with Asia,Africa,Latin America countries that representing Chinese interests ended with the failure of the United States at the 26^th session of UN General Assembly.International situation changed after China has entered the regular market,and there were different opinions on China in America and America has conducted an in-depth and extensive research on Chinese internal and foreign policy,which help the relevant agencies and members of Congress to have a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of China.The theme of chapter three is the study on the research of the Congressional Research Service to normal relationship between China and America,which was divided into three parts including the study of the Congressional Research Service to normal relationship between China and America,the influence of the normalization of relationship between other major capitalist countries and China on America,as well as the study of the Congressional Research Service to Chinese policy after the normalization of relationship between the two countries.There was a lot of debate within America congress on the normalization of relationship between America and China and Congress proposed two proposals on this question.Meanwhile,France,Japan,Australia,West Germany and other countries had established normalized diplomatic relationship with China.So,the CRS analyzed four capitalist countries which had established normalized relationship with China and the impact on the nation after that.American government started to adjust policy towards China and implemented strategic cooperation after establishing a normalized relationship with China,while some practices caused dissatisfaction and worry in Congress.The theme of chapter four is the study of Congressional Research Service towards Taiwan question after establishing normalized relationship.The Taiwan question has always been a barrier to the relations between the two countries.China and America continue to face conflict on the Taiwan question.The congress is the main supporter of Taiwan.Taiwan question become more and more important after the normalization of relationship.This reflects the fact that the Taiwan authorities have invested a large amount of money to support the out of court group to influence the U.S.Congress and government dignitaries.This chapter discusses these problems from three aspects including politics,security and economic policies.The last part summarizes the overall context of this paper and concludes the research and analysis of U.S.policy towards China by the CRS,which is particularly concerned about Chinese policy because of congressional concerns.The Congressional Research Service analyzes the American policy toward China at different time and puts forward corresponding proposals.This paper tries to reveal the relationship between the analysis of CRS and U.S.policy towards China.