| For the ruling party in socialist countries,the theory of inner-party democracy is an important part of the political theory of the party,the practice of inner-party democracy is the basic practice of promoting the modernization of the party,and the construction of inner-party democracy is a fundamental and strategic project concerning the development of the party itself and the realization of its value.Democracy within the party includes the right of party members to lead the arrangement of the party system and make the party's power run within its scope,and the actual democratic process of redistributing the power of party resources between party members' rights and power within the party.The gap between nature and reality makes the building of democracy within the party an inevitable issue that every political party must face.The scarcity of political resources of the party and the limitless desire of the main body of the party to pursue the scarce resources make the expansion of the power within the party and the expansion of the rights of the party members inevitable in reality.The construction of democracy within the party is through the rule of law within the party,so that the rights of party members and the power within the party pursue democratic values in a legal and orderly game interaction.The fundamental purpose of democratic construction within the party is to ensure the subjective status of party members in the political life of the party.The ruling party of the socialist country represents the fundamental interests of the proletariat and strives for the goal of " human freedom and all-round development".The organic unity of advanced nature and scientific nature,class nature and sociality makes the ruling party of socialist countries not only follow the general rules of inner-party democratic construction,but also embody the special requirements based on the inherent rules in the process of coordinating the inner-party relations and holding the state power.This paper is a theoretical study on the inner-party democracy construction of the ruling party in socialist countries.In this paper,guided by the socialist party politics theory,in a relatively comprehensive analysis to grasp the socialist country ruling party inner-party democracy construction elements,operation mechanism,on the basis of the thought resources and the practice exploration,summarizes the logical characteristics of each party inner-party democracy construction,analyzed the historical tradition of the party,political ecology,political themes and reality conditions such as specific differences,deepening the construction of socialist country ruling party inner-party democracy grasp of theoretical knowledge and practice.Besides the introduction,the main body of this paper is divided into five parts:The first chapter defines the basic concepts and elements of inner-party democracy,clarifies the internal relationship between inner-party democracy construction and the party itself,summarizes the scientific connotation and basic follow of inner-party democracy construction of the ruling party in socialist countries,and explains the cognitive system and practical mechanism of inner-party democracy construction;The second chapter studies the theoretical foundation of the socialist country ruling party inner-party democracy construction and ideological resources,analysis of the classic marxist writers other marxist principle of inner-party democracy construction and mining construction of intra-party democracy advocates and western scholars view of inner-party democracy construction,traces the socialist country ruling party ideological source and theoretical reference for the construction of inner-party democracy;The third chapter reviews and investigates the practice of inner-party democratic construction of Marxist parties since they came into power in 1917,showing the main context of inner-party democratic construction of the ruling party in socialist countries;The fifth chapter summarizes the law of development of inner-party democracy construction,from political consciousness and its value implication,party functions and its effective implementation,the guarantee of the party member rights and its implementation,the party power and its supervision,party system and its operational support and party culture and cultivate nourish the main content and implementation mechanisms,such as exploring socialist country ruling of theories of the formation of the inner-party democracy construction should consciously.This paper focuses on the following points of view:1.The right of Party members refers to the qualification of Marxist party members to participate in inner-party political life and enjoy inner-party political resources,which can be roughly divided into three categories:the right of Party members to participate in the management of inner-party affairs,the right of Party members to decide the delegation of power within the Party,and the right of Party members to freedom of speech.The premise of Party members'rights is to abide by the Party Constitution and other inner-party laws and regulations,the principle is democratic centralism,and the forms include democratic election,democratic decision-making,democratic management,democratic supervision and democratic consultation.2.Inner-Party power is the compulsory power obtained by some Party members and organizations beyond other Party members and Party organizations through the legal transfer and grant of Party members' rights in order to realize the needs of Party members'rights.Inner-party power is mainly manifested in the power to the political resources of the party,the power to the party organization,the power to intervene in the behavior of the party and the influence to the party members.The exercise of power within the Party is an orderly process,with delegating as the starting point,decision-making as the core,execution as the key,and being supervised and balanced as the guarantee.3.The inner-Party system is a clear definition of the Party's ideology,political program,organizational structure,and mode of activity.It is a principle and code of conduct that must be observed by Party organizations at all levels and by all Party members in their political activities and activities.The inner-party system is the guidance and guarantee to maintain the positive interaction between the rights of the party members and the power within the party,and the inner-party democracy construction has an effect on the various elements that constitute the vitality and vitality of the party,such as the party members,cadres and organizations,through the inner-party system.The level of institutionalization and the effectiveness of system operation are related to the actual level of inner-party democratic construction,as well as the quality and vitality of the whole party organization.4.Party members enjoy the rights of Party members by fulfilling the obligations of Party members,and dominate the institutional arrangement of Party members by realizing the rights of Party members,so that the power within the Party can be run under the institutional norms.The realization of the rights of party members cannot be separated from the instrumental value of the power within the party,so that it can maintain and serve the party members'subjectivity in the life within the party,and at the same time control the power within the party,so as to avoid it becoming the opposite of the rights of the party members due to self-proliferation and alienation.This is not only the whole process of the realization of party members'rights,but also the main content of inner-party democracy,so it is the general attribute of inner-party democracy construction.5.Inner-party democracy is the vital representation of the modernization of political parties,and the theoretical understanding of the protection of party members'rights is the primary premise of the construction of inner-party democracy.It can be considered that to carry out inner-party political life with the dominant right of party members as the basic idea is the basis of realizing the transformation of the inner-party value structure from the inner-party power standard to the rights-standard of party members.The establishment of the inner-party system starting from the protection of party members'rights is the support to realize the transformation of inner-party governance from the traditional rule of man to the modern rule of law.To operate inner-party resources with the goal of party members' right efficiency is the key to realize the transformation of inner-party democratic mechanism from external coordination means to internal regulation attribute.To strengthen the party building with the pursuit of party members'rights as the driving force is a magic weapon to realize the transformation of the inner-party political situation from external unity to internal harmony.6.The ruling party in socialist countries not only has the function of a general political party,but also carries the mission of leading the construction of socialist democracy.Therefore,socialist country ruling party inner-party democracy construction is essentially a scientific,Democratic Party,the rule of law practice,including the guiding ideology,focus on the point,logic and the cognitive system of evaluation criterion,etc and the value orientation,contents,practice carrier and implement the security mechanism of practice.The theoretical construction and practical promotion are the deepening development and value leap of the ruling party in socialist countries to the inner-party democracy construction.7.The construction of inner-party democracy of the ruling party in socialist countries is the product of the combination of the general law of inner-party democracy and the distinct party consciousness of Marxist parties under specific historical and cultural conditions.Specific political theme guiding the value orientation of the construction of the inner-party democracy,concrete political ecology gestates the logical characteristics of inner-party democracy construction,the party's system of scientific,practical pertinence and effectiveness of the rule of law functional dominated the running mechanism of the construction of the inner-party democracy,subjectivity of party members in the party's political life and its democratic ability directly related to the quality and level of the construction of the inner-party democracy.8.Under the deep influence of the feudal cultural tradition and the bad environment in the early period of ruling,the basic orientation of the construction of inner-party democracy of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was based on the inner-party power,the rights of the Party members were subordinate to the inner-party power,and the inner-party system reflected the will of the inner-party power.Under the pressure of the world multi-polarization pattern and the demands of the pluralism within the party,the democratic construction within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union has changed from the extreme of excessive power concentration to the other extreme of losing the limitation of power.Under the influence of parliamentary democratic culture and the history of party amalgamation,the Communist Party of Eastern Europe adjusted the logic of inner-party democratic construction with internal and external efforts,focusing on the rights of Party members,serving the rights of Party members,and guaranteeing the rights of Party members by the inner-party system.The CPC follows the trend of world development and makes the construction of inner-party democracy the key to improving the inner-party system.Inner-party power derives from and represents the rights of Party members,standardizing inner-party power and safeguarding the rights of Party members with the inner-party system.The modernization of inner-party system leads the modernization of inner-party democracy construction.The ruling party in other socialist countries has developed the logic of inner-party democracy construction by drawing lessons from the upheaval of Soviet Union and the experience of the reform of the CPC.With the rights of party members as the origin,inner-party power serves the rights of party members,and inner-party system is the institutionalized result of inner-party democracy construction,and has tried various institutional forms and democratic forms.9.The basic practice of the inner-party democratic construction of the ruling party of socialist countries including the CPC provides valuable historical experience and ideological enlightenment for the inner-party democratic construction of the CPC in the new era.To be specific,the party should strengthen the leading role of advanced party consciousness.The essential attributes of identifying the origin of political parties,maintaining the survival of political parties and leading the development of political parties provide directions for inner-party democratic construction.Second,the Party must bear in mind its lofty mission.The value of inner-party democracy construction lies in the fulfillment of party functions and the sublimation of inner-party democracy pursuit into national democratic idea and social democratic consensus in the process of governing state affairs.Again,the party should adhere to the principal position of the party members.The protection of the rights of party members is the prerequisite for the construction of inner-party democracy,and the potential advantage of inner-party democracy is transformed into the explicit efficiency of party governance,so as to inject vigor and vitality into inner-party political life.Fourth,the Party should establish a clear sense of responsibility.The process of building intraparty democracy is supported by laws and regulations,and the achievements of intraparty democracy are guaranteed by the rule of law.In the course of comprehensively and strictly governing the Party,a legal system and a rule of law model are established and improved in which power reasonably constrain power and power effectively supervises power.Fifth,the Party should establish and improve institutions and systems.We should adhere to the fundamental institutional principle of democratic centralism,enrich and improve the basic democratic system,and implement specific democratic systems to provide a fundamental guarantee for the growth of intra-Party democracy.Sixth,the Party should cultivate excellent political character.Through the construction of Party culture,such as scientific theories and ideas,advanced values,and purity of Party spirit and Party ethics,the Party will cultivate faith,spiritual and organizational nourishment in order to enhance the quality of intra-Party democracy. |
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