Research On Land Reform In Southwestern Guizhou In The Early Days Of The Founding Of New China (1949-1954)

The land system is the basic system of the farming country,and the change of the land system is the basis of the whole social change.Land problem is not only the root of all social problems,but also condenses all the key information of the whole rural society.Therefore,the land problem is the key to study rural society and solve rural problems.Since the democratic revolution,the Communist Party of China has made great efforts to solve the problem of farmers' land.After the founding of new China,it has led the people to carry out the land reform movement of "land to the tiller" in a larger scope,which not only makes the Chinese farmers who have been stripped and enslaved by the feudal land system for thousands of years obtain the land they depend on,but also makes the vast rural areas change Earth shaking changes.After the liberation of Southwest Guizhou,under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the people of all ethnic groups carried out various democratic reforms and social transformation centered on land reform,gradually realized the great transformation from landlord land ownership to peasant land ownership,completely abolished the feudal economic system of exploitation,eradicated the social and political foundation of the reactionary regime,and cleaned up the pollution of the old society Muddy water has liberated rural productivity and brought about profound changes in all aspects of social life in Southwest Guizhou.This paper takes the land reform movement in Southwest Guizhou in the early days of the founding of new China as the research object,on the basis of consulting the archives,newspapers and other first-hand materials collected by local archives,supplemented by the necessary field investigation and oral history materials,absorbing the existing research results of the academic circles,and trying to objectively restore the real situation of land reform and the land reform movement in Southwest Guizhou in the early days of the founding of new China It has a profound impact on the rural social reform in Southwest Guizhou.Therefore,in addition to the introduction of the significance of the topic,the review of the academic history and research ideas,research methods and so on,this paper is mainly divided into four parts.The first chapter is the background of land reform in Southwest Guizhou.Based on the historical facts of the natural situation and the evolution of organizational system,the population,ethnicity and economic situation,the situation of taking over and establishing government in Southwest Guizhou,and the "Huaihai Campaign" in which the Communist Party of China led the people to win the anti feudal war of "clearing bandits,anti hegemony,reducing rent,returning mortgage and collecting grain",this paper describes that the people of all ethnic groups in Southwest Guizhou opened the curtain of land system reform under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.The second chapter is about the development of land reform in Southwest Guizhou.This chapter mainly discusses the land reform in the central area of Southwest Guizhou.Southwest Guizhou is a multi-ethnic area with unbalanced economic and social development.In addition,some places were liberated earlier,some places were liberated later,and the work progress of each county was unbalanced.Although the bandits in the central area were basically eliminated after the military suppression,there were still a large number of armed bandits in the border areas.Ceheng,Wangmo and other counties were still under the control of the bandits,and most of the peasant associations were organized through the suppression of bandits.Many of them did not fight face to face,and the leadership was generally impure.There are few cadres and they are not in deep contact with the masses.They are not familiar with the basic situation of the local rural areas.They lack experience in mobilizing the masses.The number of ethnic minorities accounts for a large proportion.These characteristics determine that the land reform in Southwest Guizhou should be carried out in stages and batches with leadership,plan and step by step,first in the central areas,then in the border areas,first in the Han areas,and then in the minority areas.The land reform in the central area of Southwest Guizhou starts from mastering the basic situation of rural areas,striving for the initiative of leaders,and dispatching and training a large number of land reform cadres and activists to review the "five major tasks" and solve the remaining problems.Then,on the basis of fully mobilizing the masses,establishing the leadership of poor peasants and farm labourers,rectifying the Agricultural Association and purifying the organization,we can divide the class,inspect the land and evaluate the production,confiscate and expropriate the land,and carry out the land reform Distribute fruits and develop production.The third chapter is about the land reform in Southwest Guizhou.This chapter analyzes the characteristics of the border areas in Southwest Guizhou,which is the premise of carrying out the special land reform policy.The first step of land reform in the border areas in Southwest Guizhou is to strengthen the propaganda of ethnic policies,improve the awareness of ethnic minorities,and then vigorously cultivate ethnic minority cadres.The fake case of "destroying the land reform Alliance Army" in Qinglong County and the land reform events in Wangmo county and Ceheng county should be properly handled,so as to overcome the deviation in the land reform and make the local people happy The land reform in the border areas was successfully completed.Chapter four,the rural areas in Southwest Guizhou after land reform.The land reform movement in the new area in the early days of the founding of new China is not only a profound economic change,but also a profound political revolution and a profound transformation from the landlords' land ownership system to the peasants' land ownership system,which meets the land requirements of the farmers Social revolution is a social change that has made the "earth shaking" change in the rural areas of China.After the land reform,the farmers' enthusiasm for production in Southwest Guizhou has been increased unprecedentedly.In addition,the increase of agricultural investment after the land reform has made the agricultural productivity of Southwest Guizhou Province recover and improve obviously,the crop output has increased obviously,the material and cultural life of farmers has been greatly improved,and the status of farmers and the status of women have been greatly improved.