On The Influencing Factors Of Competitive Balance In American Professional Basketball Association

Professional Sports is an important part of sports industry in our country.The document,"Several opinions on speeding up the development.of sports industry,promoting the sports consumption ",which was issued in 2014,pointed out that we must increase gradually the grade of maturity and the level of normalization of professional sports.Moreover,professional league matches is one of the important carriers of professional sports.The foundation of professional league matches'survial and development is to keep the balance of competitive strength betweent different teams.The competitive balance will be influenced by mant factors.This paper analyzes deeply the influnencing factors of competitive balance in NBA which is a relative mature professional association,by the means of document-data method,expert interviews and historical analysis.The conclusions are as follow:1.Competition system is an influcing factor that affects the competitive balance of NBA matches.NBA leagues keeps adjusting and amending the competition system these years,according to the domestic and abroad market needs,including the rule of shot clock violation,the length of foul lane,Jordan rules and the eastern and western partition format.2.The other influncing factor is the system of sharing payment and revenues.A series reform measures was launched,including salary cap,minimus team salary,payment escrow,luxury tax,etc..These measures decreased the operational risk,narrowed the gap between rich and poor teams,and maintained effectively the competitive balance of the league.3.The free mobility of players is another influencing factor that affects the competitive balance of NBA league.Reservation clause restricted the abnormal mobility of players in the early period of NBA history.The reverse NBA draft strengthens the competitive strength of weak teams.Besides,methods,such as coin tossing and lottery,are the refinement of reverse draft,conferring the weakes team the priority in NBA draft.The free mobi lity of players exploits maximumly the potential of players.This paper offers proposals to the governing insitution of CBA league,according to the actual situation of it,on the basis of the analysis above:1.For competition system,the numbers of CBA teams should be expanded.The southern and the northern partition format system should be built.The round and matches should be increased,so that the weaker teams could have more chances to practice.The numbers and appearences of foreignplayers per match should be decreased.We should focus on the leading role of high level foreign players.The encouraging measrues of using domestic players in important matches should be formulated.2.For payment system,payment controlling measures,such as salary cap,should be formulated.Moreover,the process of transparentizing salary should he carried forward gradually,and the performance governing on players who are in contract term should be strengthened.3.For mobility of players,the source channels of new comers should be enlargd.The effective platform for CUBA players who are still in schools to participate the draft of CBA should be set up.The contract term of CBA youth trained players and new comers should be shortened.The unused emplyees leasing rate shoulde be increased.Besides,the communication of CBA teams and the excellent players of National Basketball Association should be encouraged.4.For government works,players market pricing system which under the effect.ive management and control of CBA governing institution should be implemented step by step.The supervision of revenue and auditdepartments,in the meantime,should be strengthened.Furthermore,preferential policies of special tax revenue should be rendered to the new teams and their market conducts,such as capital increase and share expansion.And the partition format,reformation should be implemented effectively.In accordance with relevent laws and regulations,the operation of scarce resources,such as broadcasting rights of CBA legue matches,should adopt compound mode that combines centralized binding with disassembled stripping.The joint purchase conducted by enterprises should be encouraged,and the abroad distribution of CBA copyright should be implemented.