The present study first used a questionnaire to investigate adolescences’ coping strategies to bullies,and the data were based on a sample of 1165 adolescents.This survey aims at exploring the characteristics and patterns of the development of forgiveness among adolescents at different ages,understanding the effects of forgiveness on adolescents’ coping strategies to interpersonal conflicts,and establishing relationships among the aforementioned key factors.Then,we designed intervention strategies from the perspectives of cognition,affection,and behavior,in order to improve the level of forgiveness of the participants.234 participants were divided into experimental group A(newly-designed forgiveness intervention),experimental group B(traditional forgiveness intervention),and a control group(without any forgiveness intervention).Individual interviews were conducted among 35 students after forgiveness interventions to examine the effect of the intervention and underlying psychological mechanismStudy 1 investigated characteristics and developmental patterns of forgiveness among adolescents with surveys.Study 2 conducted a series of forgiveness intervention to decrease adolescents’level of interpersonal conflicts and explored the critical period of forgiveness intervention.Study 3 explored the mechanism of psychological change of forgiveness after intervention with in-depth interviews.By using qualitative research method with the researcher as a research tool,in-depth interviews were conducted to collect information of cognitive,emotional and behavioral changes experienced by the interviewees in terms of forgiveness.A ground theory was established based on the data analysis to reveal the psychological mechanism of forgiveness intervention.This study makes the following hypotheses:Hypothesis 1:there are significant differences in the psychological development level of forgiveness in the three stages of adolescence.Hypothesis 2:the effect of forgiveness intervention is generally better than that of traditional intervention.Hypothesis 3:there are significant differences in the effect of forgiveness intervention in the three stages of adolescence,and there is an optimal time to implement forgiveness intervention.The following conclusions can be drawn from the present study:1.Adolescents at different developmental stages score significantly different on all aspects of the Forgiveness Inventory.Post-adolescents score the highest,while mid-adolescents and pre-adolescents score significantly lower.2.Forgiveness intervention is more effective than traditional intervention.3.The critical period of forgiveness intervention on adolescents is the stage of preadolescence.By comparing the data on post-test and follow-up study,we found that the forgiveness intervention provided at pre-adolescent stage tends to produce more desirable results.4.The intervention leads to the change in the adolescents’ perception of forgiveness,their emotional experiences of the offense,and their behaviors to deal with offense and conflict.Factors influencing the effectiveness of intervention include others’ expectations,social norms,as well as social and interpersonal harmony. |