Research On The Winning Factors Of Half-pipe Snowboarding-Based On Technique Perfomance Perspective

Snowboarding halfpipe is a Technique-Dominated sport that uses snowboarding to compete in a halfpipe venue on snow.As a China's potential advanced event in the winter sports,this game has became a breakthrough point for China to realize The Olympic Glory Plan in the on-snow sports of the Winter Olympic Games.Figuring out the winning factors of half-pipe snowboarding and its system structure is good for the construction of it's training theory and the research idea.It will be beneficial to the practice for athletes training and competition.Furthermore,it will be good to improve the selection and cultivation of reserve talented athletes scientifically.This paper employed the method of documentary,depth interview,questionnaire investigation,video analysis,mathematical statistics to study the Winning Factors system constitution of half-pipe Snowboarding Events and the logical relationship of it from the perspective of the athletes' technique performance.In this paper,the half-pipe snowboarding Winning Factors system model,as well as the technique theory model and the technique performance determine indicators model were established.The main factors that influence the success of half-pipe snowboarding are put forward from the qualitative and quantitative researches.The main conclusions of the study are as follows:(1)The factors that constitute the Winning Factor system of half-pipe Snowboarding event can be divided into four types: dominant factor,supportive factor,restrictive factor and regulatory factor in terms of function.Among them,the factors of technique perfomance and tactics of motion compilation constitute the factors of technique performance of athletes,which are the core factors that play a dominant role in the Winning Factors system.The physical ability,psychology,intelligence and experience of athletes are the main components of their competitive ability,the four factors above are functionally supportive factors.The field conditions and competition rules are the external factors that limit the technique performance of the athletes,which are restrictive factors.The coach adjusts the athletes' competitive state and the competition tactics,which are regulatory factors that plays a regulating role in the athletes' technique performance.The competition between athletes is the competition under the interaction of this Winning Factors system.(2)Snowboarding half-pipe athletes' whole competition is composed of multiple "riding-take off-air-landing" cycle.Between each part of this cycle,there is a mutual influence and mutual restriction relationship.The whole process of riding is essentially a energy conversion and loss of mechanical energy system,riding technique is not only the mediation to realize mechanical energy system conversion of potential energy and kinetic energy,but also deciding to the amplitude of takeoff and the air time.The control of the center of gravity position,the snowboard rotational torque and pressure on the snowboard determines the riding technique quality.It is found that the control of snowboards' rebound force and take-off angle are the main reasons to determine the takeoff quality and flight trajectory of the athletes.It found that the mechanical characteristics of the athletes rotation degree in the air is mainly determined by the factors of the moment of inertia of the body and the air time.Through the landing part analysis,it found the mechanical characteristics of success landing is relate with the combined impact of surface angle and the landing speed;the landing position,landing angle,the angle of the snowboard and body posture control determines whether the athletes can complete landing actions smoothly,it is also the key to continuously complete action.(3)By video analysis of 568 cases in the half-pipe snowboarding competition in2010,2014 and 2018 Winter Olympics Games,it found that high serious mistakes ratio is one of the characteristics in this sport.Heavy butt check,body checks and complete bails occurs mainly in landing parts,however,mistakes mainly due to the bad air tricks performance and lack of control in take-off which would lead to poor preparation in the landing.When athletes make a serious mistake,the score will drop significantly.(4)Nine technique performance indicators of four dimensions — Amplitude,Difficulty,Execution and Variety are selected from the judge system of half-pipe snowboarding to analyze 296 cases of athletes' competion video samples.Statistical analysis found that 6 indicators — "average air time","average rotation degree","comprehensive maximal rotation degree ","maximal continuous rotation degree ","variety score" and " execution score" are the main indicators affecting the athletes' Overall Impression(OI)Score,excellent athletes' high OI score is relate to the technique performance indicators values are all more higher than other athletes.However,the core technique performance indicators that determine the OI score are the technique performance indicators group with "average air time"," execution score" and one of the three indicators in "average rotation degree","comprehensive maximal rotation degree ","maximal continuous rotation degree ".(5)According to the index dimensions corresponding to the technique performance indexes that determine the OI scores of the half-pipe snowboarding competition,the technique performance factors that play a decisive role in the winning of halfpipe snowboarding competition can be summarized as three characteristics: "high","difficult" and "stable".Among them,"high" means to fully improve the height and duration of the athletes in the air;"difficult" means to reach a certain leading level in the index of "average rotation degree","comprehensive maximal rotation degree ","maximal continuous rotation degree ".In addition to maintaining fluidity throughout the entire routine,'stability' also requires not making serious mistakes during the landing stage.