| China has made remarkable achievements in the field of scientific and technological innovation,and is making a historic leap from following and running to taking the lead in some fields.While celebrating the great achievements,we should also realize that there are still many problems to be solved in terms of China's scientific and technological innovation ability and transformation of scientific and technological achievements.The key to improving China's scientific and technological innovation ability and transformation rate is to explore the root cause of these problems.Innovative talents are active subjects of scientific and technological innovation activities.The human capital invested by innovative talents,namely the innovative human capital discussed in this paper,is obviously the core element of scientific and technological innovation activities,while the material capital such as scientific and technological funds and scientific and technological equipment provides material basis for scientific and technological innovation activities.When examining the current situation of China's scientific and technological innovation,it can be said that China has invested a large amount of innovative human capital and material capital in scientific and technological innovation.However,there is still a big gap between China's scientific and technological innovation capability and the transformation of scientific and technological achievements and the developed countries in Europe and the United States.The reasons for this deviation are various,such as unreasonable investment in science and technology,and the use efficiency to be improved,etc.However,since innovative human capital is the core element of scientific and technological innovation activities,the most critical reasons need to be analyzed from the use efficiency of innovative human capital.The factors influencing the use efficiency of innovative human capital,of course,need to be combined with the subjective and objective aspects to discuss,but the final reflection of the combination of subjective and objective factors is the initiative and enthusiasm of innovators to engage in innovation activities.The behavior choice of the innovator is undoubtedly restricted by the system.On property right system,the protection for technology innovation,has formed a series of system about the protection of intellectual property rights,such as patent law,trademark law,computer software protection regulations and regulations on customs protection of intellectual property rights,etc.,but for innovation main body the innovative talents of science and technology of human capital property right legislation but has so far not be explicitly.Although basically established the socialist market economic system,through the reform of talent flow and talent incentive to break the original institutional hurdles,scientific and technological personnel with its own innovative human capital property rights is to get the default,they can also be self-employed or to choose their employment unit,which have their own right to use and transfer of human capital.In addition,the right to profit from innovative human capital is also protected in principle.However,since the property right system of innovation-oriented human capital has not been established,institutional obstacles inevitably exist in the realization of the property right of innovation-oriented human capital,which affects the efficiency and sustainability of innovation activities in the field of science and technology in China.If further from the features in the modern era of knowledge economy,decided by the intelligence,knowledge,science and technology innovation dominant direction of productivity development and development level,the role of innovative talents in science and technology innovation is highlighted,combined with the national science and technology innovation achievements and failures in competition will is closely related to science and technology innovation system,thus promoting the development of productive forces system requirements must include innovative human capital property rights system.In view of this,it has become an unavoidable responsibility of the Chinese academic circle to study the realization of the property right of China's innovative human capital from theory to practice.Therefore,the author chooses the realization of the property right of China's innovative human capital as the topic of his doctoral dissertation,hoping to contribute to the study of this issue.There are ten chapters in this paper,and the specific arrangements are as follows: Chapter 1,Introduction.Explain the research background,put forward research questions and clarify the theoretical and practical significance of the research questions,sort out and comment on the current status of related research,and discuss the research ideas and research methods of this article.Chapter 2 is theoretical basis and analytical framework.Explain the relevant theoretical basis of this article: institutions,property rights,human capital,and innovation theory;define the core concepts of this article: institutions,technological innovation,human capital property rights;construct to raise questions—clear theoretical basis for research—for general theoretical analysis— —Analysis based on China 's actual situation—Analysis framework with problem solving as the basic idea.Chapter 3 is a general theoretical analysis of the relationship between the system and technological innovation.First,analyze the category of system and technological innovation from the perspective of Marxism;second,analyze the effect of system on technological innovation;second,analyze the effect of technological innovation on system;finally,examine the imbalance of institutional arrangements in the field of technological innovation.Chapter 4 analyzes the basis and reasons why human capital becomes the object of property rights.First of all,from the perspective of philosophy and economics to find the basis for human capital to become the object of property rights;second,from the perspective of economics,analyze the reasons for human capital to become the object of property rights,and explain the synergy of human capital property rights system and intellectual property system.Chapter 5 is the human capital property rights and its realization connotation.First,a general discussion of the nature,content,attributes,and functions of human capital property rights;second,analysis of the connotation of human capital ownership,use rights,income rights,and transfer rights.Chapter6 analyzes the scientific and technological innovation and the realization of innovative human capital property rights based on Chinese reality.First,analyze the current status of China's scientific and technological innovation through the overall situation of China's scientific and technological innovation activities and major scientific and technological innovation results at the current stage;second,analyze the existing problems in China's current stage of scientific and technological innovation around technological innovation capabilities and transformation of scientific and technological achievements;The realization of human rights in human capital and the reality of China.Chapter 7 analyzes the reform direction and performance of China's innovative human capital property rights realization.First,it analyzes the reform direction of China's innovative human capital property rights realization from the perspective of the realization of innovative human capital use rights,transfer rights,and income rights;second,it analyzes the performance of China's innovative human capital property rights realization of deepening reforms.Chapter 8 is the experience and enlightenment of the realization of American innovative human capital property rights.Commenting on the practice and experience of the realization of innovative human capital property rights in the United States,we can draw inspiration from the American experience.Chapter 9 puts forward ideas and suggestions to perfect the realization of property rights of innovative human capital in China.First,put forward the idea of improving the degree of realization of innovative human capital property rights;second,put forward the relevant policy recommendations for improving the degree of realization of innovative human capital property rights.Chapter 10 gives research conclusions and research prospects.Through the study,the main conclusions of this paper are as follows:1)The endogenous and dynamic relationship between institutions and scientific and technological innovation.System and the relationship between science and technology innovation is the essence of the interaction of productivity and production relations in the field of science and technology innovation performance,system through standard and constraint function,incentive function and regulating function role in scientific and technological innovation,and innovation of science and technology creation,change and dissolution of system plays an important role,so the system must be with the development of science and technology innovation and the corresponding changes happen to meet the new requirements of innovation of science and technology development,to promote technology innovation and development.2)Human capital as the object of property rights is a consistent with the theory and reality of the proposition.The property right theory of philosophers such as Marx,Rousseau and Kant can provide the philosophical basis for the rationality of human capital property right,while the economic thoughts and theories of economists such as Smith and Veblen can provide the economic basis for the rationality of human capital property right.In addition,human capital condenses human labor,and has productiveness,scarcity,heterogeneity and creativity,as well as economic development's need for human capital in times,so human capital is a kind of property.However,it is significantly different from intellectual property rights.Human capital property rights involve the entire chain of investment in technological innovation,and have a more comprehensive and close relationship with technological innovation.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a human capital property rights system.3)The human capital property right is a right of ownership,use,transfer,the right of remuneration,beam,and exclusive,free sex,transferability and divisible general properties,such as property ownership and non-transferable,can't completely transfer of the right to the use,power control,specificity,such as property right of human capital property right characteristic attributes.Human capital property rights can act on economic activities through regulating and restraining functions,stabilizing expectations,stimulating functions and resource allocation functions,while the subject of human capital property rights' choice of economic behaviors depends on the degree of realization of human capital property rights.The realization of human capital property right includes the realization of human capital ownership,use right,transfer right and income right.There is a positive relationship between the realization degree of human capital property right and the use efficiency of human capital.The key to improve the use efficiency of human capital is to improve the realization degree of human capital property right.4)Through years of hard work,China has improved its science and technology system and the national innovation system,significantly raising the level of scientific and technological innovation,and bringing the level of scientific and technological innovation in many fields to the forefront of the world.But compared with developed countries such as America,China,the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in science and technology innovation ability,talent system and mechanism from three aspects,there are a lot of problems,a big cause of these problems lies in the lack of innovative human capital property rights system,making the innovative human capital property rights realization degree is not high enough,thus inhibiting the configuration in the innovative human capital in technology innovation activities,the low efficiency of use.5)The realization of innovative human capital property rights is conducive to the improvement of scientific and technological innovation performance.Although China has not put forward the establishment of innovation-oriented human capital property rights system to promote the realization of innovation-oriented human capital property rights,the reform measures in China's talent system and mechanism in recent years have virtually pointed to the realization of innovation-oriented human capital property rights.Through the improvement of the degree of realization of the property rights of innovative human capital,Chinese researchers have improved the use efficiency of innovative human capital in scientific and technological innovation activities,thus promoting the improvement of the quantity of patent output,the quality of patents and papers,and the degree of transformation of scientific and technological achievements.To further deepen the reform,the goal of establishing and improving the innovation-oriented human capital property rights system should be clearly set forth to provide a sound institutional guarantee for the realization of China's scientific and technological innovation and innovation-driven economic development strategy.Possible innovations of the paper:1)The thesis clearly puts forward the proposition of the realization of innovative human capital property right,and according to some classical literature of philosophy and economics,it traces the academic thought of the theoretical basis for human capital to become the object of property right,and discusses the reason why human capital becomes the object of property right from the perspective of economics.2)The paper points out that scientific and technological innovation as an input-output process,physical capital and human capital work together in scientific and technological innovation,and human is the core element of scientific and technological innovation,without human initiative,scientific and technological innovation is out of the question.However,there are generally recognized intellectual property rights systems in the world to protect scientific and technological innovation achievements,and property law to protect the rights and interests of physical capital,but there is a lack of sound institutional protection for the human capital property rights of scientific and technological talents.In reality,the degree of realization of innovative human capital property rights varies from country to country,which is why.3)The paper analyses the present problems of China's scientific and technological innovation in the field,and clearly put forward from the point of view of science and technology talent utilization efficiency of human capital,the root cause of these problems lies in the lack of innovative human capital property rights system,leading to an innovative implementation of right to use and transfer of property rights of human capital,profit level,and led to the innovative human capital in the configuration and the use of the low efficiency of science and technology innovation.4)Paper on China in recent years about the innovative human capital property right system have been summarized and policy implementation,to clarify the innovation direction of the realization of human capital property right reform in China,and China's innovative human capital property right reform already achieved success: performance improvement to analysis of China's scientific and technological innovation,innovative human capital property rights further so as to realize the inherent relationship between technological innovation and seek to support the argument. |
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