The Construction And Operation Of Cost-oriented Urban-rural Integrated Logistics Network

In the past,the commodity distribution between urban and rural in most areas of China existed in a scattered,intermittent and small-scale way,and it has greater randomness and instability.With the acceleration of urbanization and urban-rural integration,the expansion of the scale of urban-rural commodity circulation and the great attention of the state,it is urgent to build a new urban-rural integrated logistics network to meet the modern needs of urban-rural economic and social development.At the same time,in view of the fact that the key to the construction and operation of the urban-rural integrated logistics network is the cost,it is urgent to build and operate the network with the aim of the optimal cost.And we hope to explore a urban-rural integrated logistics network with low-cost and high-efficiency.But there are many key scientific problems to be solved to achieve this goal,such as the construction of the network planning model,the design of the network operation mode,the business process and organization coordination mechanism,and the countermeasures to ensure network operation.Accordingly,under the guidance of the cost management theory,the urban-rural integration theory,the logistics network planning theory and the lean operation theory,this paper studied the construction and operation of the cost-oriented urban-rural integration logistics network by using literature analysis,field research,game theory and operational research modeling,system dynamics simulation and other methods.The main work and conclusions are as follows:(1)The theoretical research of urban-rural integrated logistics network of cost-oriented was carried out.Firstly,it was concluded that there are still some problems in urban-rural integrated logistics network based on literature analysis and field research,such as the imperfect infrastructure network,the low level of modernization development,difficulties of urban-rural docking,and the inadequate service capacity.Secondly,the idea of cost orientation was put forward.Here,cost orientation is not only a goal orientation,it emphasizes the optimal system cost,and reflects the thinking of prior planning.Finally,the construction and operation cost were analyzed,on this basis,the specific requirements of cost-oriented were analyzedaccording to the cost decision theory,the cost-leading strategy and the lean operation theory.It was concluded that the construction and operation of the cost-oriented urban-rural integrated logistics network should have a scientific system and a high level of intelligence,and conform to the trend of scale and organization coordination.(2)A cost-oriented planning model of urban-rural integrated logistics network was constructed.Firstly,the network structure was defined as a two-stage hybrid hub-spoke network with multi-hub and single-allocation.Then,combined with the hub-spoke network modeling method,the objective function was established to minimize the sum of transportation cost,environmental cost,fresh agricultural product loss cost and construction cost of hub nodes.And the location,assignment relationship and direct path planning are the decision variables of the model.It also includes the hybrid hub-spoke network constraints,single distribution constraints and number constraints of hub nodes.Besides,the tabu search algorithm was designed to solve this model.Finally,the model was applied to the construction of the cost-oriented urban-rural integrated logistics network in Nanjing-Zhenjiang-Yangzhou.Results show that the network model can provide a feasible,economical and practical network construction scheme to meet the decentralized needs,and it can provide theoretical support for the network construction practice.(3)The operation scheme of cost oriented urban-rural integrated logistics network was designed.This part mainly studied several key problems that need to be solved in the cost oriented operation of urban-rural integrated logistics network.Firstly,a 1+N polymerization mode was proposed.This model takes the common interests as the starting point,realizes the unified decision of centralized allocation of N resources and N tasks through the multilevel collaboration of a core network operator and N related entities,and then magnify the operation benefit of network.Secondly,a two-stage profit distribution mechanism was designed to coordinate the alliance between network operators and small logistics enterprises,which considers the marginal contribution of members,the efficiency of resource input,the situation of risk-taking,the comprehensive strength and the quality of task completion.Thirdly,this paper constructed the incentive mechanism model to coordinate the co-agentrelationship between the two heterogeneous demanders and network operators.Fourthly,how to carry out the digital transformation of urban-rural integrated logistics network business process was studied,and the specific cloud logistics platform architecture,operation principle and operation process were given.(4)The operation of cost oriented urban-rural integrated logistics network was simulated.Through the construction of SD model,the network operation process under the two scenarios of processing industrial products and fresh agricultural products was simulated,and the effectiveness of the network operation scheme was verified.The simulation results show that the interaction and restriction of network operation efficiency,logistics supply shortage,logistics service level,logistics cost,development of related enterprises,network operation determine the operation status of urban-rural integrated logistics network.Among them,the network operation efficiency is the most critical factor.If the operation efficiency is low,there will be a shortage of logistics,which will increase logistics costs and hinder the profits of enterprises.The influence of operation scheme on the result of network operation was also realized by improving the efficiency of network operation,thereby improving network service capability and reducing logistics supply shortage.(5)In order to ensure the implementation of network construction and operation plan and optimize the development environment of urban-rural logistics,the safeguard countermeasures of the cost-oriented urban-rural integrated logistics network operation were proposed.They include: improving the urban-rural infrastructure,laying a foundation for construction;cultivating and strengthening the entities of urban-rural logistics,improving self-supporting capacity;encouraging technological innovation and application,breaking through business bottlenecks;establishing and improving policies and regulations,optimizing the development environment;expanding the demand of urban-rural logistics,enhancing the driving force of operation.