Research On The Design Of Children’s Public Space In Cold Region Buildings Based On Spatial Cognition

The proportion of the child population in China is 17.95%,and the number of children exceeds 250 million.With the continuous promotion of the national birth and educational policies,children have become the focus of attention of the whole society,and their physical and mental health is related to the future of the country.The spatial environment has an important impact on the growth of children.The harsh climate in cold region of China for up to half a year restricts children to indoor activities.However,the development of existing children’s public spaces in cold region lags behind,and they cannot provide a supportive environment for children’s physical and mental health development.This has become a major challenge for the development of cold regions.It is urgent to create an architectural design concept that suitable for the children,the climate and the age at the theoretical level,then guide the practice.Spatial cognition determines the design and use of architectural space,and is also research highlights in the fields of philosophy,psychology and cognitive science,which could have interdisciplinary and leading significance on the study of architectural theory.This research takes children’s public space in cold region as the research object,and takes spatial cognition as the research perspective,has established a theoretical relationship between children’s body dominated spatial cognition and children’s public space in cold region,and seeks solutions in the architectural design field from the perspective of children’s spatial cognitive characteristics.From the three aspectes of children’s actions,perceptions and emotions,this paper analyzes the design of the order,interface and context of children’s public spaces in cold region,and explores design strategies and techniques.The main content of the study includes: Firstly,the theoretical construction of a correlation system between the body dominated spatial cognition and children’s public space in cold region.This study explores the context and trend of children’s body dominated spatial cognition from the fields of philosophy,psychology,cognitive science and architecture,and explains the principles of cognitive development in children,the significance of the body in spatial cognition,the formation conditions and processes of spatial cognition,as well as the impact of spatial cognition on the children.Then the deconstruction of children’s public spaces in cold region buildings was carried out based on spatial cognition.Secondly,starting from the cognitive characteristics of children’s space,this study explores the related architectural spatial design elements from a cognitive perspective,which has three levels: the superficial cognition with spatial order,the phenomenal cognition with spatial interface,and the essential cognition with spatial context.Through the exploration of children’s spatial cognitive approaches,clarified the design goals of children’s public spaces in cold buildings based on spatial cognition,namely spatial order as the direction of action,spatial interface as the medium of perception and spatial context as the emotional contact point.The design principles of cold resource extension,climate adaptation and cultural representation have been proposed,meanwhile the design framework has been formed based on the above theoretical construction.Thirdly,investigate children’s public spaces in cold region from the perspectives of children’s physical actions,perceptions and emotions,and derive qualitative design inspiration from quantitative data results.Based on theoretical derivation and research analysis,this paper proposes strategies and methods for the order design,the interface design and the situational design strategies and methods of children’s public spaces in cold region.In terms of research methods,literature research,field research,content identification,interviews,and child psychological drawings are comprehensively adopted to deduce relevant theories and obtain data on the design of children’s public spaces in cold region.In the section of literature review,theoretical analysis and construction,the literature research method is mainly used to comprehensively and systematically comprehend the history and development status of relevant research related to spatial cognition,cold architecture and children’s public space,explore research trends and gaps,thereby forming a systematic grasp of research issues,also inferring and deducing theories related to children’s spatial cognition at the architectural design level.Using the field research method,this study selected multiple children’s public spaces both domestic and abroad as the field research objects,collected first-hand data on the construction and use of typical cases and explored critical issues.In terms of data collection of children’s physical actions,behavioral notation method has been used to obtain correlation data between different spatial types and children’s physical actions.In terms of data collection for children’s perception,content identification and interview methods are adopted and children’s perceptual preference characteristics were analyzed based on their preference selection results.In terms of data collection for children’s emotional imagery situation,the child psychological painting method is adopted and the image and emotional situation of children in cold regions of winter are analyzed.This study has actively responded to China’s macro policies on children’s development,health and education in recent years,introducing psychological and cognitive science theories into the field of architectural design in cold region of China,bringing new research perspectives to this field,proposing new issues and feasible solutions,and supplementing the existing theoretical framework of architectural research,which has important theoretical significance.In terms of practical demand,this study meets the urgent needs of children in cold region of China to conduct appropriate activities in severe climate conditions,and explores ways to enhance the connection between children and the characteristics of winter cities through architectural design,which has important practical significance.