| Keeping thick traditional culture and the unique historical accumulation,the traditional villages are fortunes we should treasure.Compared with the construction unit,the public space in the traditional villages is a necessary condition for the cultural life to be saved and inherited.As the typical traditional village in the Pearl River Delta area of Guangdong Province,the Shunde region of rivers and lakes maintains its unique spatial form and landscape characteristics.With the development of urbanization in Shunhe,many villages in it are disappearing.It now has become an urgent issue as ‘how to protect them’ and ‘how to renovate them’.Therefore,it will be of a great help for the development and renovation for Shunde region of rivers and lakes as a correct understanding for the spatial form and a deeper dig for the waterside culture.This research takes the object of Fengjian Village of Shunde District,Foshan City.With the two theories as spatial form quantization and the spatial cognition,and with the quantitative and qualitative analysis,it carries out the public spatial form quantization and cognition analysis.The research covers the four aspects as follows: first,it makes explanations on the development history and general status of Fengjian Village,making analysis on the spatial structure status of the waterside village;second,with the theories as the network density parameter and space syntax,it carries out quantitative descriptions for the public space of the village;third,it makes cognition analysis for the public space of the village with image theory;fourth,after the comparison between the quantitative space and the cognitive space,it analyzes the universality and individuality;fifth,it carries out analysis on the edges and drawbacks of the public space in Fengjian Village and makes the space optimization suggestions accordingly.Here are the main contents and conclusions:(1)It makes spatial status analysis for Fengjian Village with the method of GIS spatial vectorization,and the results show as follows: in the landscape in Fengjian Village,the water area takes the largest part,with the percentage of 42%,followed by constructions and roads,and with relatively less cultivated land.The roads can be divided into the major roads and the life lanes.There are concentration phenomena for the public service facilities and commercial facilities.The Fengjian market is the center where the public service facilities and the commercial facilities concentrate,and the commercial facilities can be seen beside the two sides of Fengjian Avenue.The tourists attractions take ancestral halls and ancient bridges as the main styles,which are in the longitudinal distribution,with a long span from the north to the south.There are concentrated tourists attractions in the north.Protection is not enough for part of the attractions and the dilapidation can be seen in some places.The functional divisions are zone of tourists’ attractions,zone of life and the periphery roads.(2)It makes quantitative researches on the public space form for Fengjian Village with the methods as network density and the space syntax.And the results of the network density show that: the density value span of the network street lines is between 0.0007 m/m2~0.0281m/m2,with the tendency as center being the densest,presenting the spatial distribution characteristics of settlement centrality.The surface density value span of the network street is between 0.0041~0.1981.It is also found that there exist two high-density zones as the second ring road and Fengjian market in the surface density space.R2,the correlation coefficient of the global density chart of Fengjian Village is 0.224,which means there is no dimension continuity for the village in overalls,with great differential spatial geometrical characteristics.In sense of the divisional density chart analysis,the coefficient R2 for the tourists’ attraction zone is 0.699,0.550 for the zone of life and 0.770 for the periphery roads.The results of the space syntax show that: the value span for the overall integration degree of Fengjian Village is 0.349279~0.779550,with the average of 0.542153.Looking from the spatial distribution map,the periphery roads around,having been influenced by the urbanization,maintains high level of integration,which is obviously different from inside the village.Inside the village,the integration degree shows the structure of centrality with the center of around the Fengjian market.The value span of the local integration is 0.527991~3.000134,with the average value of 1.629545.In aspect of comprehension degree,the value is 0.14.This means that the space topology in Fengjian Village is complicated,there are many but complicated roads net,and people are easily to get lost walking in this net.The value of connection is 1~12,with the average value of 3.858034.Looking from the spatial distribution,it can be observed that Fengjian Village maintains a weak connection degree.There are relatively ideal connection degree around the Fengjian market,which makes an ideal roads net.For the life lanes,however,there are almost single road.As a result,there is poor connection degree in general.(3)Make the general image schema based on the public image reflected from the questionnaires and cognitive map.From the image schema,it can be concluded that it has formed the main roads image structure of ‘three in vertical and two in horizontal’ in Fengjian Village,connecting series of nodes,landmarks and regional factors.The schema tells that Fengjian Village is with a relatively obvious major structure,but with a subtle sub-structure,and the imagery nature is lacked.With the core density analysis on the cognitive rate for the imagery hotspot,it can be found that there are two major imagery gathering areas in Fengjian Village,that is,the area of Fengjian market and the gathering of Juji Bridge Area,Mingyuan Bridge Area,Ancestral Temple of LI and the Ancestral Temple of LIU.From the gathering of the images,we can observe where the people gather together.(4)Through the comparison between the quantitative space and the cognitive space,it can be concluded that the imagery hot-spots maintain close relations with the network density.The regions with high network density are the ones with active village activities and convenient transportation,which therefore obtains strong space concentration force and more people stream and traffic flow.The roads image of high cognition concentrates in the regions with high line density or areal density,therefore the network density is influencing people’s cognition for the space.The comparison between the imagery hot-spots and the axis map can tell that there are high values for the integration degree and the imagery cognitive rate in Fengjian market and Juji Bridge Area,proving the match of these two spaces.There are,however,some unreasonable phenomenon as some imagery cold-spots showing in the space of high integration degree,some hot-spots with high cognitive rate showing in the space of low integration degree,with un-obvious spatial fitness degree.The comparison between the road imagery map and the axis map can tell that there are generality and differences for the cognition of the different space users on the road image of Fengjian Village.(5)It carries out analysis on the edges and drawbacks of the public space in Fengjian Village,and makes the suggestions accordingly: firstly,with the development axis of ‘Fengjian Avenue-Zhi Street’,to promote the integration degree of roads and develop commercial facilities in longitudinal way;secondly,to perfect the spatial sub-structure and promote the harmony match between the major and sub structures;thirdly,to focus the efforts on developing the core areas as Fengjian Market and Juji Bridge,improving the influence of these areas further;fourthly,to develop the potential spots as Juemiao Jingyuan,Mingyuan Bridge and the Ancestral Temple of LIU,improving the force of the village as an attraction of tourists;fifthly,to make micro-renovation for the spaces with high integration level,realizing the integration of the public space. |
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