A Study On Nouns And Nominal Phrases In Shaoyang Dialect Of Hunan Province

In Putonghua,the study of nouns and nominal phrases has achieved very fruitful results,but the related research in Chinese dialects is still relatively few.In recent years,some studies have shown that there are both similarities and differences between all kinds of nouns and nominal phrases in Chinese dialects.Some usages of nouns and nominal phrases in Shaoyang dialect,such as the configuration of nouns,the expression of ordinal numbers,the functions of demonstratives and related combinations,the functions of Classifiers and related combinations,the relationalization of nominal components,the types of attributive markers,the expression of possessive relations,the expression of coordinate relations,and so on,compared with Putonghua and other dialects,Shaoyang dialect also has greater particularity,and some have stronger language typology value.The special study of Shaoyang dialect nouns and nominal phrases can provide some reference for the comparative study of Chinese dialect grammar and language typology.On the basis of fieldwork,combined with the research of existing literature,and under the guidance of language typology and the concept of “new descriptionism”,synthetically using the methods of investigation,comparison,combination methods of description and interpretation,this dissertation makes a comprehensive and fine-grained description and analysis of the syntactic and semantic functions of nouns and nominal phrases in Shaoyang dialect.This dissertation fully show the appearance of the usage of nouns and nominal phrases in the dialect,and through the comparison with the common language and other dialects to explore their characteristics and typological meaning.Besides the exordium and concluding remarks,the dissertation is constituted by 8 chapters:The exordium part makes a brief review of the general situation of Shaoyang County and the current research status about nouns and nominal phrases.it also introduces the main contents and research significance of this study,and the theories,methods this study used,the sources of corpus,symbolic style and so on.Chapter 1 is nouns.This chapter mainly makes a detailed descri-ption of the nouns in Shaoyang,included four aspects:the categoriesof nouns,the morphology of nouns,the diminutive of nouns,and thenumber of nouns.We focus on the following aspects in Shaoyang dialect:the kinship appellation,the noun suffix“zi(子)”,“shou(首)/chan-g(场)”and“jia(家)”,the configurational reduplication of nouns,the di-minutive suffix of“zaizai(崽崽)/zaiji(崽唧)”and“ji(唧)”,the Plural ma-rks“dashi(大齐)”and“luosuo(啰唆)”of nouns,etc.Chapter 2 is pronouns.This chapter outlines the system of all kinds of nominal pronouns in Shaoyang dialect,describes the syntactic and semantic functions of individual pronouns which are different between Shaoyang dialect and Putonghua,focuses on the similarities and differences between the plural marks of personal pronouns“li(俚)”and“dashi(大齐)”in Shaoyang dialect,and analyzes the multi-functional usage and evolution of the deixis“guozi(个子)”.Chapter 3 is about numerals and classifiers.It classifies and describes all kinds of numerals and classifiers in Shaoyang dialect,focuses on the representation of cardinal number,ordinal number and approximate number which are different between Shaoyang dialect and Putonghua,the usage of different or unused classifiers in Putonghua,and the configurational reduplication of of numerals and classifiers.Chapter 4 is the classifier phrases.It discusses three kinds of phrases composed of classifiers in Shaoyang dialect:“quantifier+classifier+noun”,“demonstrative+classifier+noun”and“adjective+classifier+noun”.The first two phrases mainly analyze their composition and the syntactic expression of quantitative meaning and referential meaning.The latter phrase mainly analyzes the differences in the choice of adjectives and their syntactic and semantic differences caused by the different word order of adjectives and classifiers,it also discusses the syntactic and semantic expression of the phrase “adjective+yi(一)+classifier” which can express the meaning of universality in Shaoyang dialect.Chapter 5 is the attribute-head phrases.It mainly discusses two kinds of phrases:possessive phrases and relational phrases.The former detaily describes in the syntactic expression of the ownership structures of different types of ownership markers in Shaoyang dialect in expressing all kinds of ownership meanings.The former detaily describes the syntactic expression of different types of possessive markers in Shaoyang dialect,and outlines the inalienablity rank sequence of different possessive structures.The latter discusses the marker types of relational structures,and relational markers and the animacy characteristics of core nouns,noun phrase accessibility hierarchy and their relational strategies.The last discusses the word order of “demonstrative+classifier”phrases and relative clauses.Chapter 6 is the coordinate phrases.It analyzes the categories of coordinate phrases,the composition of coordinate phrases,the word order of coordinate items,and the equivalent ellipsis of coordinate elements.It also discusses the function,origin,grammaticalization and typological significance of coordinate conjunctions such as "he(和),zhao(找),jia(加)".Chapter 7 is the appositive phrases.It analyzes the internal composition of eight categories of 36-type appositive phrases,and investigates he matching rules of different nominal components with other nominal components when they are used as antecedents of appositional phrases,and summarizes the hierarchical sequence in which the nominal components act as the antecedents of appositional phrases and compares them with Putonghua.Chapter 8 is the localizers and locality phrases.It analyzes the categories of localizers and locality phrases,and discusses the syntactic and semantic functions and internal differences of single localizers which are different from Putonghua.It also investigation the syntactic position,marking types and the concealment of prepositions and localizers of the phrase “preposition+direction-location”phrase.The conclusion part.On the basis of the previous chapters,this chapter summarizes the characteristics of body words and body word phrases in Shaoyang dialect,and summarizes the main innovations and shortcomings of this dissertation.