| Based on the case study of Mei Zengliang,and taking care of him in Tongcheng school,we can have a deep understanding of Mei Zengliang’s literary ideas,creative practice and the development of Tongcheng school.Mei Zengliang is a representative figure of Tongcheng School in the middle period of its spread,and also a writer with great achievements in the middle and late Qing Dynasty literature development.His poems and essays are excellent,and his literary theory is also unique.He played an important role in the spread and expansion of Tongcheng school and the progress of Qing Dynasty literature.Therefore,scholars have paid more attention to him and made more achievements,but there are still many uncultivated fields to be explored 。 On the basis of inheriting the previous studies,this paper tries to make a breakthrough and innovation,hoping to comprehensively and systematically explore Mei Zengliang,his works and his theory,so as to make up for the deficiencies in the academic circles.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part is the introduction.The introduction part will elaborate the motivation and the goal of this paper,and sort out and comment on the basic situation of the current academic research on Mei Zengliang.At last,the research conception and content of this paper are expounded.The second part will mainly analyze Mei Zengliang’s family background,family learning and family education,and specifically explore the inheritance characteristics of Mei’s family and the influence of Mei and Hou two family education on young Mei Zengliang by combining Mei Zengliang’s poetry and other literature.The Mei family in Jinling is eager to return to their ancestors’ glorious tenacity and excellent family atmosphere,which strongly urges the family members to make progress.Mei Zengliang,a young and literate man,grows up gradually in the vision of the Mei family’s desire to revive the family.The former is more spiritual guidance,while the latter is practical education.Under the guidance of Mei and Hou,Mei Zengliang read a lot when he was young,but he still had the shortcoming of not being familiar with his expression and words.Finally,this part also analyzes Mei Zengliang’s early repressed spiritual world,and analyzes the reasons behind it.The third part discusses Mei Zengliang’s life orientation,the concept of governing the country and his experiences in his later years.Mei Zengliang has been governing the world for a long time.Facing the problems of social changes,such as the weakening of social customs,the decline of official administration,and the difficulties of people’s livelihood,he actively expressed his own views and expounded his idea of governance.Later,he was sent to Guangxi as a magistrate,which was a great blow to Mei Zengliang’s heart of governance.Mei Zengliang looked at himself again,looking for a way out of life.Finally,he made up his mind as a "writer" and stayed in the capital to be used in the world.Mei Zengliang left Beijing to return home in his later years.He was disturbed by the war of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.During his exile,he wrote many poems with far-reaching artistic conception,which have the charm of "poetic history".The fourth part is the study of Mei Zengliang’s poetry.This part first investigates Mei Zengliang’s poetic thought construction on the level of Tongcheng poetic school."Tongcheng also has poetic school",and Tongcheng poetic school also has consistent poetic ideas.On the basis of inheriting the poetic theory of Tongcheng’s predecessors,Mei Zengliang formed a poetics system with "truth" as the core after taking advantage of advantages and discarding disadvantages.There are nearly 700 poems by Mei Zengliang.His poetry has a wide range of materials,which can deeply reflect the face of the times.His poems are rich in poetic spirit.His poetry style is diverse.In addition to the "gloomy" poetic style in his later years,his works also have the different features of "firm and ancient vigor" and "pure and nature",which is the result of his casting many schools and becoming his own style.In the period of Daoxian,the poetry style of Qing Dynasty changed and Song poetry was advocated.Tongcheng school played an important role in the popularity of Song poetry.Among the Tongcheng school,especially Mei Zengliang,who stayed in Beijing,made a great contribution.By correcting the mistakes of Yuan Mei’s theory,holding high the banner of learning as important as temperament,instructing followers’ Poetic Orientation and organizing or participating in literary activities,he vigorously promoted the study of Song poetry,and successfully promoted the prosperity of Tongcheng poetics and the Song poetry fashion in Daoxian poetry circle.The fifth part analyzes Mei Zengliang’s ancient prose creation and comments.Mei Zengliang’s epitaph writing pursues the spirit of historical biography,injects historical consciousness into the epitaph,highlights the personality of the tomb owner by using a variety of descriptive means,and eliminates the risk of praising the tomb owner with the tone of "factual record",so as to make the epitaph creation reach the state of "literature and history bridging".Mei Zengliang also made great efforts in writing the preface,which is of exemplary value.Its success lies in absorbing the essence of Han Yu’s preface,which is manifested in both taking advantage of the couple,stressing the imposing manner,making good comments,not wasting the narrative,making good use of foreshadowing,setting off characters and focusing on saving the world."Taking novels as ancient words" is not a rare phenomenon in Qing Dynasty literature,and Tongcheng school has not jumped out.Among them,Mei Zengliang absorbed the essence of novels,added "novel style" to his prose,and paid special attention to fiction,exaggeration and detail depiction.He combined the novel and prose with his knowledge and realized the harmony of refined and popular literature in the natural transformation.This part also reviews Mei Zengliang’s comments on the content and artistic features of the Anthology of Classical Prose,and analyzes the arguable points of his comments.In the sixth part,Mei Zengliang was placed in the system of Tongcheng school.First of all,this paper analyzes Mei Zengliang’s dilemma in the dissemination of ancient Chinese prose in Beijing and his breakthrough measures,including actively integrating into other literati groups,building his own communication circle,organizing elegant gathering activities,cultivating his internal skills,focusing on writing,and instructing posterity by virtue of literary cultivation and personal integrity.Thus,Mei Zengliang built his own circle of ancient prose power,and eventually promoted Tongcheng school to spread throughout the country.Mei Zengliang stayed in the capital.In theory and practice,he did not stop making scholars.The driving force behind him was the display of his personal ambition and the identity responsibility of Tongcheng school’s successors.He managed the country as a scholar and made scholars constantly.He not only retained the characteristics of literati and articles,but also played a role in saving the time and supporting the deviation.It can be said that it was a good compatibility of "managing the world" and "articles",and also pointed out the direction for the development of Tongcheng school.In addition,on the premise of inheriting Tongcheng literary theory,Mei Zengliang made some sublation and innovation on Tongcheng literary theory,including abandoning the concept of academic gateway,not involving in the academic disputes between Han and Song Dynasties;conforming to the trend of harmony between Han and Song Dynasties,adopting parallel prose;putting forward the theory of "according to the time" to inject the spirit of history into Tongcheng literary theory.Mei Zengliang’s transformation of Tongcheng literary theory undoubtedly promoted the development of Tongcheng school,and his measures also had a clear transitional significance.In the end of this part,the author analyzes Mei Zengliang’s evaluation,thinks that Mei Zengliang should be the Jinliang of Tongcheng literature,discusses his official career in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom,and proves that he did not serve Hong Xiuquan as an official,but was influenced by this rumor. |
PDF Full Text Request