Comparative Study On Russian And Chinese Political Euphemisms

The study of euphemism has a long history,and has achieved fruitful results in the fields of rhetoric,semantics,pragmatics,cognition and social culture.However,it mainly focuses on the overall study of euphemism,rather than the specialized study of euphemism in a specific field.With the rise of political linguistics,more and more scholars pay attention to the euphemism in political communication and euphemism in political discourse.Political euphemism refers to the indirect language expression of people,things,that may cause negative or negative psychological reactions in political communication,formed by the use of various language means in the language system by political communication subjects,in order to gain understanding and consensus among political communication subjects,achieve effective communication,and maximize communication effectiveness.In general,whether in Russia or in China,the monolingual study of political euphemism is more than the bilingual comparative study,and the systematic comparative study of Russian and Chinese political euphemism is rarely involved.Taking political euphemism as the starting point,this paper adopts the method of description,explanation and comparison to make a comparative analysis of Russian and Chinese political euphemism from three aspects: means of expression,semantic characteristics and pragmatic functions through a large number of examples,aiming at revealing the similarities and differences between Russian and Chinese political euphemism,and explaining the underlying reasons and influencing factors for the similarities and differences.In terms of expression methods,comparative analysis is conducted from three levels: lexical,syntactic and rhetorical.Specifically,Specifically,the commonly used lexical expressions in both Russian and Chinese political euphemisms include synonyms,hedges,idioms,polysemy,and terms;The commonly used syntactic expressions include negative sentences and passive sentences.In addition,the commonly used lexical expressions of Russian political euphemisms include loanwords and abbreviations;Common syntactic expressions include indefinite personal sentences.The commonly used rhetorical expressions in Russian political euphemisms include metaphor,metonymy,and periphrasis.Correspondingly,the commonly used rhetorical expressions in Chinese political euphemisms include metaphor,metonymy,and periphrasis.In terms of semantic features,comparative analysis is conducted from two levels: lexical semantics and sentence semantics.Specifically,it is a comparative analysis of the semantic characteristics of Russian and Chinese political euphemism at the lexical level,namely,semantic weakening,semantic transformation,semantic vagueness,semantic generalization,and the semantic characteristics of Russian and Chinese political euphemism at the sentence level,namely,semantic weakening and implicit agent.In terms of pragmatic function,it makes a comparative analysis of the intentional function,regulatory function,contact-setting function,expressive and emotive function,aesthetic function of Russian and Chinese political euphemism.Through synchronic comparative analysis,this paper reveals the similarities and differences in the means of expression,semantic characteristics and pragmatic functions of Russian and Chinese political euphemism,makes a comprehensive and in-depth interpretation of political euphemism from form to meaning,from meaning to function,enriches and expands the monolingual study of Russian and Chinese political euphemism and the comparative study of Russian and Chinese political euphemism,which will also enrich and deepen the comparative study of Chinese and Russian languages to a certain extent.Through the interpretation of the similarities and differences between Russian and Chinese political euphemism,we can find the differences between China and Russia in terms of values,ideology,etc.,which is conducive to a better understanding of the national cultural characteristics of China and Russia and further promoting friendly exchanges between China and Russia.