| Vitality has been accompanied since the birth of human history and runs through it.It is not only the driving force of social progress and development,realizing the transition of human society from passive adaptation to active creation;Moreover,the creative vitality constructs the rich and colorful material and cultural life of people,and profoundly affects people’s happy life.Qualitative and quantitative research on vitality will help to promote the implementation of China’s innovation and entrepreneurship strategy and the realization of the great Chinese dream of national rejuvenation,help to trigger the motivation of individual initiative development and innovative development,and help to improve the level of physical and mental health and subjective well-being of individuals.As vitality is a multi-dimensional and diversified complex concept,different cultural backgrounds and philosophical roots in China and the West have created different thoughts and connotations of vitality,which has a profound imprint of Chinese culture.In China,most of the previous studies on vitality are focused on urban vitality,community or street physical space vitality,enterprise and institution vitality,etc.There is a lack of empirical research on the level of personality psychology,let alone systematic research on the vitality of university students under the background of Chinese culture.Under Chinese culture background,this study based on the theory of positive psychology and sound personality,the vitality is defined as: vitality is an organic synthesis of a group of positive personality traits,which is based on the generation,maintenance and release of individual vigorous vitality,with health,persistence and good cognition as protective traits,and extraversion,aggressiveness and innovation as stimulating traits.By combining qualitative research with quantitative research,this study systematically explores the connotation,structure,measurement,characteristics,influence mechanism and training strategy of university students’ vitality,which is divided into five parts.Part One Research background and literature review.This part mainly from the search for meaning dynamism,touches of positive psychology theory,practical problems of university students think about three aspects elaborated the selected topic reason,and through comprehensive combing Chinese and foreign scholars on influencing factors of dynamic concept,theory,measurement,and the function of research present situation,discovered from the psychology Angle of view of dynamic research is still in its infancy,Not only is the concept of vitality lack of operational scientific definition,the theoretical structure of vitality lack of qualitative research inquiry,but also in terms of research methods,the lack of vitality measurement tools based on the Chinese cultural background,which affects the effective development of the influence mechanism of vitality and application research.Part two: Research design.This part mainly expounds the research purpose,research ideas and methods,research content and framework,and determines the basic research path of this research.Part three: the connotation,structure and measurement of uniersity students’ vitality.This part is mainly composed of three studies:Research 1 The connotation and experience structure of university students’ vitality.Using free word association method and questionnaire survey,this study sampled 260,294,and 463 university students from universities to complete the cognitive survey of vitality connotation and important characteristics of high vitality,as well as the grade evaluation of the correlation between important characteristics of vitality and vitality.It is found that the main characteristics of high vitality university students cluster into four aspects: survivability,development ability,adaptability and extroversion personality traits.By comparing and analyzing the vitality view of university students of different genders,grades,majors and school levels,it is found that university students have a great consistency in their understanding and understanding of vitality,which not only has an intuitive perception of the surface characteristics of vitality,but also has an understanding and grasp of the deep structure of vitality.On this basis,this study proposes a theoretical structure model of university students’ vitality,which provides a basis for designing measurement tools of vitality.Research 2 Measurement and Characterization of College students’ vitality.The study consisted of three substudies : The first substudy was the preliminary Vitality Questionnaire.Firstly,based on the theoretical structure model of college students’ vitality,combing and analyzing the vitality thought under the background of Chinese and Western culture,investigating the public view of contemporary college students’ vitality,and referring to the existing vitality questionnaire items,a database of 258 university students’ vitality questionnaire items was preliminarily constructed.Secondly,after the evaluation of psychological experts and the preliminary test in a small scope,the preliminary test questionnaire was formed by two rounds of deletion and modification,and 83 items of the preliminary test were retained.Finally,634 university students of different genders,grades,majors and schools were investigated by convenience sampling method.After item analysis and exploratory factor analysis,a formal questionnaire containing 39 items was obtained.The second substudy is the reliability and validity test of the vitality questionnaire for university students.A large sample of 1503 university students were selected to conduct the test with the formal questionnaire.The results show that the questionnaire meets the requirements of psychometrics and has good reliability and validity.The third sub-research is the investigation of the vitality characteristics of university students.By analyzing the differences in the scores of different dimensions of vitality of 1503 university students,the basic situation of the vitality level of university students is investigated.At the same time,the difference test of demographic variables shows that there are significant differences in the vitality level of university students in six demographic variables:gender,grade,major,origin of students,community work experience,innovation and entrepreneurship experience,which reflects that these variables are influencing factors of vitality to a certain extent.Part four: the influence mechanism of college students’ vitality.This part consists of four studies:Research 3 University Students’ vitality and innovation vitality.Innovation is the core factor of university students’ vitality,which directly determines the effectiveness of college students’ innovation.This study mainly includes four sub-studies: The first substudy is the construction of the experience structure of innovation vitality of university students.277 university students who had participated in innovation and entrepreneurship projects at or above the university level were selected from different levels of universities to participate in the free word association method and questionnaire survey.Through the content analysis of the survey results,after merging and clustering,the experience structure of university students’ innovative vitality includes six aspects: university students’ innovative personality,innovative consciousness,innovative knowledge and ability,innovative spirit and emotion,innovative behavior,and innovative motivation.On this basis,this study puts forward a theoretical structure model of university students’ innovation vitality,which provides a basis for designing measurement tools of innovation vitality.The second study is to innovate at the beginning of the questionnaire survey,firstly,based on the theoretical model of innovation vitality of university students as the framework,according to the key words to describe innovation vitality obtained from the open questionnaire survey,combined with the previous research results on innovation vitality,and referring to the items of the relevant measurement questionnaire,we preliminarily constructed a questionnaire item database of innovation vitality of university students,including 639 items.Secondly,after the evaluation of psychological experts and the preliminary test in a small scope,two rounds of deletion and modification were carried out,and 75 preliminary test items were retained to form the preliminary test questionnaire.Then,the convenience sampling method was used to investigate 1526 university students from different levels of universities.After project analysis and exploratory factor analysis,the formal questionnaire of university students’ innovation vitality with 67 items was obtained.Finally,a confirmatory factor analysis was carried out on the "five-factor model" of university students’ innovation vitality.According to the revised five-factor model,the formal questionnaire of university students’ innovation vitality was further simplified,with a total of 39 questions.The third substudy is the reliability and validity test of the university students’ innovation vitality questionnaire.A large sample of 1640 university students were selected and tested with the formal questionnaire.The results show that the questionnaire meets the psychometric requirements and has good reliability and validity.The fourth sub-research is the characteristics of college students’ innovative vitality.By analyzing the differences of scores in different dimensions of innovation vitality of 3166 university students with the self-designed questionnaire of innovation vitality of university students,it is found that the innovation vitality of university students is at an above medium level,among which the scores of innovation spirit and emotion are the highest,and the scores of innovation motivation and behavior are the lowest.At the same time,the differences of demographic variables were tested,and it was found that there were significant differences in seven demographic variables,such as gender,grade,major,origin of students,school level,community work experience,innovation and entrepreneurship experience,etc.To some extent,it reflects that these variables are the influencing factors of college students’ innovation vitality.Research 4 The relationship between vitality and subjective well-being of University Students.University students’ vitality positively predicted their subjective well-being,general self-worth of social orientation and general self-worth of individual orientation.The general self-worth of social orientation and the general self-worth of individual orientation positively and significantly predict the subjective well-being of college students.The general self-worth of university students’ individual orientation plays a partial mediating role between their vitality and subjective well-being,while the general self-worth of university students’ social orientation does not play a mediating role between their vitality and subjective well-being.Gender has a significant moderating effect on the first half of the mediating chain of "vitality-the general self-worth of individual orientation-subjective well-being".Research 5 The relationship between vitality,personality and mental health of college students.Neuroticism negatively predicted the vitality of university students,while conscientiousness,openness and extraversion positively predicted the vitality.University students’ vitality negatively and significantly predicts their psychological symptoms(SCL-90).University students’ vitality plays a full or partial mediating role between their Big Five personality traits and psychological symptoms such as somatization,obsessive-compulsive disorder interpersonal sensitivity and so on.Research 6 An experimental study on the effect of Mindfulness Training on University Students’ Vitality.The experimental group received mindfulness training intervention with three positive events recorded every day for 21 days to explore the effect of mindfulness training on the vitality of university students.The experimental results show that mindfulness training can not only significantly improve the overall level of university students’ vitality,but also have significant positive effects on university students’ perseverance,aggressiveness and good cognition.Part six: General discussion and conclusion.The characteristics,research methods and research tools of university students’ vitality are further analyzed.This part discusses the similarities and differences between the vitality view of Chinese university students and the Western ones.Most university students in China believe that vitality is a multi-dimensional and multi-dimensional structure,which is more complex than western scholars’ understanding of vitality.At the same time,this part analyzes the scientific research methods and tools related to university students’ vitality and innovation vitality,and puts forward suggestions on cultivating university students’ vitality and innovation vitality.The vitality of university students can be improved by strengthening physical exercise,carrying out mindfulness training and developing a good resting pattern.The innovative vitality of university students can be improved by creating environment,implementing innovation education,cultivating innovation spirit and consciousness,enhancing innovation ability and strengthening innovation practice training. |
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