Research On The Targeting Mechanism Of The Minimum Living Security Objects In Urban And Rural Areas

With the development of China’s social economy,the pattern of poverty manifests diversity,from income-based poverty to income-based poverty and expenditure-based poverty.Expenditure-based poverty has become one of the main manifestations of current poverty,effectively solving the problem of expenditure-based poverty.The important task in the field of people’s livelihood is also the focus of academic attention.The urban and rural minimum living security system(hereinafter referred to as ―urban and rural subsistence allowance‖)is the core content of China’s current social assistance system,but it lacks measures to respond to changes in poverty performance patterns,mainly because there is no corresponding improvement measures for the identification mechanism of the system.Therefore,in-depth study of the problem of the identification mechanism of the system is the premise of perfecting the poverty relief system,and has important theoretical and practical significance for alleviating urban-rural expenditure poverty.China’s urban and rural subsistence allowances identification mechanism includes identification standards and targeting mechanisms,and urban and rural subsistence allowances as a rescue system to solve the problem of expenditure-based poverty,how should these two aspects be dealt with? Focusing on the theme of ―the problem of the identification mechanism of urban and rural minimum living security objects‖,this study focuses on the following three issues: First,what problems exist in the identification mechanism of urban and rural minimum living security objects in the context of changes in poverty performance patterns? Second,what are the reasons for the problem of identifying the urban and rural minimum living security object? Third,how to optimize the identification mechanism of urban minimum living security object in the future?In order to solve the above problems,this study uses the theory of justice,goal orientation theory and policy network theory as the theoretical basis.Based on the literature research,it uses a variety of methods and means such as statistical analysis,empirical analysis and case analysis to demonstrate expenditure.Based on the necessity and feasibility of the criteria for the identification of urban and rural subsistence allowances,the standard comprehensively and systematically studies the problems and causes of the identification of urban and rural subsistence allowances in China,and draws on the practical experience of Hong Kong to explore the precise identification of expenditure-based poverty-stricken objects.The optimization strategy for the identification mechanism of urban and rural minimum living security objects.The main conclusions of this study include the following:First,the urban and rural minimum living security object identification standards should increase the expenditure standard.Theoretical research suggests that poverty should be measured by income and expenditure standards.Income standards reflect the lack of basic material data,while expenditure standards reflect the lack of developmental resources.The urban and rural subsistence allowances target is aimed at the poor,and should be adjusted to the double standard of income and expenditure with the change of poverty measurement standards.The practice of multiple countries and localities also verifies the rationality of the dual recognition standards for poverty and social assistance targets.According to the results of empirical research,the urban and rural lows are preserved in the cliff effect.On the one hand,it proves that urban and rural subsistence allowances have certain poverty alleviation effects on the expenditure-type poverty of low-income families,indicating that urban and rural subsistence allowances are feasible.The unfairness of the system,that is,the low-income families and non-subsistence families with the same level of poverty,the former is less likely to be trapped in poverty-stricken poverty due to the subsistence allowances,thus demonstrating the criteria for determining the urban and rural minimum living allowances.The need to increase spending standards.Second,the urban and rural subsistence allowance object recognition mechanism is relatively low in efficiency.The literature has found that the targeting efficiency of the urban and rural subsistence allowance object recognition mechanism is not high,but the conclusions drawn under the premise of lack of reference.Based on the differences in family poverty levels,this study constructs indicators of coverage and misrecognition rates that reflect poverty sensitivity,and uses the agency survey method constructed by least squares regression and SVR models as the benchmark to study urban and rural subsistence allowances.Target targeting efficiency.The conclusion shows that the targeting efficiency of the agent household survey method is better than that of urban and rural low-income,especially the prediction result of the SVR-based family agent survey method,which has the best performance in all the indicators of all sample groups.Third,there are problems in the identification criteria and targeting mechanism of urban and rural minimum living security object identification mechanism.In this study,through in-depth analysis of the interview content,it is found that the cliff effect and targeting efficiency of the urban and rural subsistence allowances are relatively low because of the irrationality of the standard setting and targeting mechanism.In the setting of the standard,the defects of the income standard and the setting of the family property standard,and the lack of expenditure standards in most areas of the country,the fact that the factual poverty object cannot be identified,thus creating a cliff effect;the problem of the targeting mechanism is mainly reflected in the residents The problem of the family economic status check mechanism and the grass-roots administrative execution deviation,including the difficulty of data sharing,the ability of the check-up personnel can not meet the needs of the current check-up work,human condition protection,stability and security,and selection of democratization.Forth,the cause of the problem of the identification mechanism of urban and rural subsistence allowances is the conflict of interests of multiple subjects in the policy network.Based on the analysis of policy network theory,the problem of the identification mechanism of urban and rural subsistence allowances is caused by the conflict of interests of multiple subjects.The game between the policy community and the inter-provincial network actors has caused the defects of the setting standards for urban and rural subsistence allowances.The interest considerations among various actors in the inter-provincial network have caused the data of the household economic check mechanism to be unrealized.Inter-communication,interaction between the inter-provincial network and the actors of the issue network have led to the implementation of biased behavior at the grassroots level.Fifth,the urban and rural minimum living security object identification mechanism needs to be further optimized.It is necessary to further explore all-round,close-knit,and operational optimization measures to improve the accuracy of urban and rural subsistence allowances for poor families.On the basis of the existing urban and rural subsistence allowance system,the main contents of the optimization ideas include: First,in terms of object identification standards,the public interest is used as a public policy to set goals,reduce the game,and incorporate expenditure standards into the urban and rural minimum living security object identification standards.The rationally designed rigid expenditure items and qualification schemes;secondly,relying on the construction of the national e-government information sharing mechanism to strengthen the construction of the economic check mechanism for households in the aspect of the household economic status check mechanism;third,in the grassroots administrative management,Improve the incentive mechanism for grassroots executors,balance work pressures,etc.Finally,optimize and improve other supporting measures,including the introduction of social assistance laws to increase the illegal cost of the people,increase government financial input,and improve the urban and rural low-income supervision mechanism.