A Study Of Chinese Citizens’ Online Political Participation Based On Marx’s Theory Of Practical Rationality

With the development and popularization of the Internet,more and more people participate in political life in the virtual space.At the same time,there are many problems in Chinese citizens’ online political participation.How to improve the orderliness and effectiveness of participation based on the structure of participation practice has become an important issue that needs to be thought over and explored.Marx’s thought of practical rationality is the crystallization of human practical wisdom,which provides the universal norm guidance for the subject’s practical activities.Based on the existing problems and their causes of Chinese citizens’ online political participation,this paper puts forward a realistic path to solve the practical problems of online political participation based on the universal law of Marx’s practical rationality and the rationalization of internal elements.There are many problems in the value orientation of Chinese citizens’ online political participation,which are mainly manifested in the unbalanced participation willingness intermingled with enthusiasm and political indifference,higher individual value acquisition than public value pursuit,and alienation of value evaluation and value choice.The fundamental reason is that the unreasonable demand for participation is the inherent root of the deviation of value orientation of online political participation,the absence of value principle directly leads to the lack of value stipulation of participation practice,and the elimination of the comprehensive development of virtual space people has a negative effect on the participants’ value orientation.Guided by Marx’s universal law of practical rational value,we should construct the rational demand of participants,construct the value principle of online political participation,strengthen the citizen’s value education,pursue the ultimate value concern of the comprehensive development of participants,and realize the "good" of citizens’ online political participation.There are some problems in the use of online political participation tools for Chinese citizens,such as unreasonable and effective use,which are specifically manifested as entertainment in the use of participating technologies,addiction in the use of participating carriers,and alternative in the selection of participating methods.The reason is mainly influenced by the arrogation of instrumental reason,such as technology omnipotence,formalism and utilitarianism.Starting from the universal law of the tool orientation of Marx’s practical rationality,we insist on the reasonable and effective application of technology and reconstruct the relationship between the participant and technology.Adhere to the rational and effective use of the carrier to overcome the participation in the formalization of the carrier use;Adhere to the reasonable and effective method selection,beyond the participation method of utilitarian choice.In this way,we can improve the rational and effective use of participation tools and the orderliness and effectiveness of Chinese citizens’ online political participation.In the process of Chinese citizens’ online political participation and communication,there exist some problems such as network group polarization,network communication information distortion and communication behavior anomia,which lead to network language violence,false public opinion and tyranny of the majority.The root causes are mainly intersubjective alienation,delimitation of communication space,absence of communication norms and alienation of communication language.Starting from Marx’s universal law of practical rational communication,we return to the real world and integrate the real world and virtual space of online political participation.To perfect the norms of communication practice and provide the realistic guarantee of the legitimacy of the communication of the subjects participating in network politics;To realize the sound communication of language and construct the rational path of participating language based on material communication;To build a online communication community,reach consensus through equal communication among heterogeneous participants,and improve the orderliness and effectiveness of Chinese citizens’ online political participation.Based on the rationality of practical rationality and the main rationalized mechanism of practical rationality,a new ecology of "participation-learning,participation-practice,participation-reflection" of Chinese citizens’ online political participation is constructed,so as to provide practical countermeasures for the better structuring of practical rationality to guide the participation in practice.