| Under the modernization of governance system and governance capacity,it has become a valuable direction of local governments to improve social governance.Rating and praise(R&P),as a policy governance tool,aims to mobilize local governments to participate in this project,which is institutionally designed by government specific behavior and performance to enhance the social governance level.As a common governance phenomenon,R&P represented by “Chuangcheng” has become enthusiastic pursuit by many local cities.However,favorite comparison with "hot" phenomenon is that R&P hasn’t been researched in-depth and systematically so that it is unable to fully respond to practice demands.And lots of key questions are still unclear.This study is performed around the question,i.e.“How does the R&P governance arise and develop in China?”,and the hidden logic.Specifically,as a popular local governance phenomenon,how does the R&P governance policy be added to the policy agenda? What kind of evolution trait is presented? All of which are the basis for understanding this study.Furthermore,R&P is mostly used in the non-economic governance field,and no significant economic incentive and political incentives.Why is it recognized in the local? What kind of governance execution logic is revealed behind?These are the key point to understanding the rating-praise governance.Finally,it is the core to know that rating-praise governance can improve the effectiveness of governance.That is,how does the rating-praise governance affect the management performance,and respond to social governance? The study of “progress” promotes these issues and answers,which is the need for replenishing theorical “Short Board” of R&P,and it is also the need of responding to R&P governance practices.In order to answer the above-mentioned research issues and fully understand the R&P governance,based on the theory of policy agenda setting,policy incentive theory,policy implementation theory,etc.,this paper builds a “agenda-implementation-performance” framework from the perspective of policy analysis.It draws from standard analysis,case analysis and empirical analysis to test,and the findings are as follows.Unlike the policy agenda of “Focus Event”,the R&P governance is in response to governance issues with progressive policy agenda.The root of R&P is that supports the needs of social governance transformation and social governance modernization,the transformation of governance objectives and governance structures,as well as,dealing with “urban disease” and other treatment problems.“Point-line-surface”progressive problem perception is performed.In China,the policy entrepreneurs have“multiple” attributes,“top-down” and “bottom-up” policy promotion paths interact multiply forming "policy original soup",which is substantive to promote policy“Softnate” and source fusion.In addition,the stability and sustainability of political structure and power deepen the problem.In the context of governance consensus,and the political source lead the “Policy Window”,which progressively promotes policy agenda setting.The progressive agenda setting of R&P has a large difference in the settings of Kingdon’s multi-source policy agenda,in the “Policy stream” form,“Political stream” promotion,“Policy Window” opening and so on,reflecting“Chinese characteristics”.The policy of R&P governance showed the evolution features,respectively,including from broad to streamlined in quantity,from extensive to high-quality in quality,and from single to pluralistic in concept.In the process of policy operation,the R&P shows the superior appraisal intention with a clear indicator setting,laying the basis for the rating.It,introducing the difference appraisal and the competition for the best,uses the honorary commendation to reflect the incentive effect.As a non-economic governance tool for the humanities,environment and society,etc.,the institutional perspective of policy implementation incentives(such as fiscal decentralization,top-down division,control theory,etc.)and behavioral perspectives(such as“Tournament” theory,“Weak Rank” incentives,“Attention” competition,etc.)cannot explain the executive phenomenon of R&P governance better.This study,taking D city in S province as a case,introduces the organizational theoretical analysis perspective of policy implementation and makes an integrated explanation of the R&P governance implementation from the dimensions of intra-organization,interorganization and organizational environment.The design of R&P policy corresponds with the technical governance derived from the local government bureaucracy.It clearly defines the content and scope of local government governance,promotes the “procedure-style” division of tasks in local governance,and improves the performance evaluation accuracy of technical governance in local,achieving the “possibility”,“feasibility” and “comparability” of local technological governance.Meanwhile,the “corrective” design and “quality”maintenance system of R&P governance can avoid local implementation slipping into formalism quagmire.As the main body of rational governance,vertical promotion incentives drive local governments to pursue R&P from the starting point of maintaining superior authority and obtaining governance recognition.Horizontal peer competition aims to mobilize local governments to win honors and promotion“chips”.Above tips reflect the tendency to take credit in the R&P.Moreover,local governments are open systems.The “demand-response” interaction constitutes a typical feature between government and society.Responding to social governance needs and improving governance execution capabilities are balanced in the R&P governance,forming a “field” logic of the local R&P governance.The logic of“technology-credit-field” is a general explanation for the R&P governance implementation.Furthermore,the local R&P governance mode,under the leadership of the triple logic,presents the characteristics of “compound governance”,which is manifested in the complex governance paths and the relationships between the compound governance subjects.In terms of governance paths,it shows the characteristics of multiple governance paths,referring to task-driven core promotion,horizontal integration and social absorption,acting together on local R&P.According to the governance subjects,there is a synchronic existence of multiple governance subjects that jointly promote the R&P governance implementation.Local government departments,local government superiors and subordinates,local governments and society,three of them synchronically promote the R&P governance implementation,and there are multiple complex subject relationships such as “department and department”,“superior and subordinate”,and “government and society”.In line with governance tactics,it refers to the composite governance tactics of setting up a leading group and achieving system linkage,building consensus to seek social support,etc.On the basis of the above,this paper extracts five governance features,namely,normative,incentive,competitive,coordinated and supervisory.And it constructs a theoretical analysis framework of R&P governance characteristics,R&P governance consensus and R&P governance performance.223 questionnaire data is utilized to empirically test the effect mechanism of R&P governance.The results confirmed that governance characteristics and governance consensus influence governance performance in the R&P governance,which addresses the disputes in R&P governance performance.In particular,the normative feature of R&P governance indirectly affects governance performance through governance consensus,but the direct effect is not significant.The supervisory feature directly impacts governance performance,but the indirect effect is non-significant.The incentive,coordination and competition features of R&P governance all directly and indirectly influence the governance performance.In terms of direct effects,compared with incentive and coordinated governance features,competitive governance features are more important to governance performance.From the perspective of indirect effects,both incentive and coordinated governance features significantly affect governance consensus,and the path coefficients of incentive governance features is higher than that of coordinated governance features.In addition,the governance consensus in R&P significantly impacts governance performance.Finally,the research conclusions are summarized.And there are the following policy implications in details.First,focus on the question response of R&P,and it will be free from becoming a “burden” of governance.Second,it should guide the scientific implementation of R&P governance to avoid the execution distortion of R&P governance.Then,it should clarify the features of R&P governance,and highlight the functions.Last but not least,it should strengthen between the coordination and connection in the R&P governance to prevent repeated and inefficient appraisals. |
