Indo-US Strategic Relations In Post 9/11 And Its Implications On Pakistan

In every era of history,South Asia has remained one of the most significant geographical areas in the world.Since 1947,when India won its independence from Great Britain,America has maintained a hesitant stance towards India.It is a fact that the relationship between the United States(US)and India has changed significantly since the end of the Cold War.The United States and India’s bilateral ties developed against the backdrop of a significant change in American security requirements and India’s developing economy.India was often ignored while considering world security during the Cold War era due to its anti-American stance and propensity towards the former Soviet Union.However,the dissolution of the Soviet Union and China’s rise as a regional power during the post-Cold War era changed the old rivalry into a new strategic cooperation.Indian military might be also important for American involvement in East Asia and the Persian Gulf,which prompted the latter to engage in a serious conversation with India.The planned study’s goal is to examine the strategic relation between India and the US following the 9/11 attacks.Since 9/11,the United States has seriously reevaluated its relationship with India as a result of a growing awareness of India’s strategic potential.In the years following9/11,the US changed its policy towards South Asia and reshaped it to achieve its goals.It is also currently reevaluating its political,economic,military,and strategic partnership with India in order to meet the newer challenges of security and trade and to pursue its core and national interests.Even though India and the US have established bilateral ties that have resulted in a nuclear agreement and a ten-year defense pact,as China’s power grows,the United States and India increasingly feel potential threats.India’s significance for the US-led war on terror was further strengthened by its powerful navy,which has the largest submarine fleet and the fourth-largest army.Compared to prior decades,this situation created a more stable foundation for collaboration on foreign policy concerns.The analysis has made the assumption that the US has realized the value of fortifying ties with India in light of the shifting regional landscape.Instead of being an alliance,the two states’ relationship is one of collaboration.US/NATO forces are present in Afghanistan in the post-9/11 world.Strategic collaboration between India and the US is growing,particularly in the nuclear industry.Pakistan has taken the lead in the US campaign against terrorism,but the USA has refused to grant it access to civil nuclear technology.The research focuses on the evolving pattern of US interests in South Asia and US strategies towards India and Pakistan with reference to the war on terror,nonproliferation of nuclear weapons,and US participation in crisis management in South Asia considering all these developments.This thesis also looks at the strategic relations between India and the United States and how it may affect Pakistan by upsetting the balance of power between the two bitter rivals.After 9/11,the US modified its strategy toward South Asia in order to advance its fundamental interests and those of the country as a whole and to address additional security and trade issues.The US is reevaluating her political,economic,military,and strategic cooperation with India and has changed its policies to attain its objectives.The links and patterns of the recently developed relationship between the US and India following the 9/11 attacks are rather different from those of the conventional cold war mindset.The US uses a variety of strategies to further its policy objectives in South Asia,and its strategic agreements with India,inked in June 2005 and July 2005(the Nuclear Agreement),are the most recent and greatest examples of Indo-US strategic cooperation since the9/11 attacks.However,the growing Indo-US partnership will also increase hostility between India and Pakistan.The two countries have a long-standing history of conflict,and the changing balance of power will likely exacerbate this tension.Overall,the India-US relationship is reshaping the regional balance of power,and this has significant implications for Pakistan.Pakistan will have to adapt its foreign policy and strategic framework to adjust to the changing regional dynamics.Moreover,this research examines the advantages and disadvantages of the growing relationship between India and the United States.The study investigates the effectiveness of this partnership,particularly given the historical alliance between the United States and Pakistan.The research suggests that the United States has lost Pakistan as a traditional ally due to its pro-India stance,which has created a trust deficit between the two countries.The increasing relationship between India and the United States could result in India becoming a proxy for the United States,leading to a continued presence of the United States in the region.This development is seen by regional players such as Pakistan and China as a potential source of conflict in the region.Therefore,the study argues that regional players must adopt a skillful and unprovocative approach to deal with the complex and entangled Indo-US alliance.The research proposes ways in which Pakistan can reframe its foreign policy,which has historically been focused on its survival.The study emphasizes the need for Pakistan to adopt a pragmatic and eastward-looking foreign policy that considers the changing regional dynamics.This research is significant as it highlights the need for regional players to be mindful of the Indo-US partnership and its potential implications.It also underscores the importance of Pakistan’s foreign policy and its approach to regional politics,particularly in the context of the growing partnership between India and the United States.The research efforts to analyze the Indo-US strategic relations and its political and strategic implications for Pakistan.Hypothetically,the growing strategic partnership between India and the US could have negative consequences for the balance of power in the region.It suggests that this partnership could increase tensions in the region and push Pakistan closer to China and Russia to counterbalance the growing influence of India and the US.The research also suggests that the Indo-US partnership reflects a regional order that is centered on India and promotes Indian exceptionalism.This,in turn,could marginalize Pakistan’s strategic importance in the region.Overall,the potential implications of the Indo-US partnership on regional politics suggests that it could exacerbate existing tensions.It also underscores the need for regional players to adopt a balanced and pragmatic approach to navigate the complex geopolitical landscape.Moreover,the research takes a qualitative approach,which means it looks at non-numerical data like texts,interviews,and documents to understand the topic.Both primary data(data collected firsthand by the researchers)and secondary data(data collected by other researchers)are used in the study.To get a better understanding of recent events and debates,the researchers also analyze newspaper articles.The research draws on policy analysis,which means examining the policies put in place by governments and analyzing their effects on the relationship between the US,India,and Pakistan.Finally,the research uses an analytical approach to literature,meaning that the researchers analyze books and journal articles to gain a better understanding of the dynamics at play in the partnership.Overall,this approach allows the researchers to analyze the present scenario of the US-India-Pakistan relationship in a comprehensive and analytical way.The research aims to examine the strategic relationship between the United States and India and how it affects Pakistan,with a focus on the period after the September 11 attacks.The research is divided into six chapters which are following:Chapter I of a thesis introduces the research project and includes sections on research questions,significance of the study,methodology,literature review,theoretical framework,and structure of the thesis.It sets the stage for the entire research and helps the reader understand the research questions,methodology,and theoretical framework that will be used throughout the thesis.Chapter II provides a historical account of the strategic relations between the United States and India,covering topics such as the Indo-US strategic relations during the Cold War era,the evolving relationship between India and the United States in the post-Cold War era,US strategic policies towards India since 9/11,and the United States’ strategic policy choices towards Pakistan.Chapter III focuses on the status quo and connotation of the US-India relationship in the post-9/11 era.It covers political,military,and economic relations between the two countries,including the foundation of their strategic partnership,defense cooperation agreements,joint military exercises,trade and investment,and bilateral engagement on economic and trade issues.The chapter also examines the triangular relationship between India,the United States,and Pakistan,including the factors driving the shift in US policy towards India and away from Pakistan.Chapter IV discusses how the relationship between India and the United States is affecting the security of South Asia,with a particular focus on how it’s impacting Pakistan.It analyzes how the growing partnership between India and the United States is affecting regional security and how this impacts Pakistan.Chapter V outlines various measures that Pakistan can take to maintain its national security,strengthen bilateral and multilateral relations with other countries,and promote domestic economic development and political stability in response to the impact of the India-US strategic partnership.Chapter VI is the concluding chapter that aligns the conceptual framework and core thesis with the empirical and conceptual chapters that precede it.It provides a summary of the key points discussed in the previous chapters and offers some recommendations for policymakers in the region.