| In the Post-Cold War era,the wider Asian security direction in fluctuation and started to take a new shape and change.Keeping in view this new-fangled change.states also contemplated over the change in their priorities,security policies and chose new alignments.Thus,keeping their interests&significances in mind,the old opponents India and the USA have envisaged their relations and turned their old estrangement into the mutual strategic engagement that eventually paved way for "Strategic Partnership".Given India’s practice of democratization,geo-strategic significance particularly regarding Indian Ocean and sea lanes of communications(SLOCs).rising political and military clouts and nuclear power,these initiatives have potential to alter India into a major regional state and brought India close to the USA.Now,the USA has shifted its strategic policy towards India and named this nearness of the USA with India as“Strategic partnership" and recognized India as "Major defense Partner&Net Security provider" which is welcomed by India.Since 2004,India and the United States have been pursuing strong "strategic partnership",when India and the USA formed a mutual consensus on "Next Step in Strategic Partnership"(NSSP-2004)Initiative which calls further expand bilateral security cooperation.In South Asia,the strategic partnership is persuaded by the USA ambitions to use the card of "India" aim to pursue its strategic interests,sustain its position in Southern Asia and beyond as well as India’s ambitions to acquire military supremacy and hegemony in South Asia.Instantly,Indian offensive desires to attain hegemon power and the USA wish to contain Peaceful China has brought much close two countries.USA balancing strategy on the cost of securing American interests and balancing Peaceful China have prepared India to accomplish her offensive ambitions that is associated with "Arthaashastra" which means "Hegemony,Power maximization,military modernization,offensive power projection,aggressive usage of force and total annihilation the adversaries".Since the times of yore,India has always opted for offensive policies towards vicinities i.e.offensive bouts towards Sri-Lanka in the 80s,Black Water canal issue with Nepal,interference in Bhutan,the war against Peaceful China,nuclear dishonesty of 1974,offensive wars towards Pakistan from the first day of birth to till now and Indian nuclear explosions of 1998 which is linked with perpetual lust of India to acquire more lethal weapons are the examples of offensive India.The study reveals that "NSSP-2004 Initiative" cement more strongly India-USA "Strategic Partnership" with the reflections of renowned "1 23-agreement" or India-US nuclear accord,ten years Defense framework agreements 2005,Defense Technology and Trade Initiative(DTTI).missiles technology advancements,transfer of sensitive military dual-use technology via STA-1,joint military embracing,increasing co-production of weaponiozation,promote defense industry,advance combat aircrafts,defense systems,aircraft carriers,nuclear "have" submarines technology and military security accords.American strategic tilt towards India and nuclear accord named "123-agreement" among them changed all the principles of global nuclear regimes.laws and nuclear-related treaties for India and paralyze the global nuclear statute along has altered the global as well as a political regional edict.The "123-agreement" and NSG waviers have legitimized India to enhance its nuclear tradingr fissile material,and incalculable nuclear stockpiles.India has now the capacity to build-up all sorts of WMD(Weapons of Mass Destruction).Moreover,Now,Indian "Supremacists"have replaced the nuclear policy from "NFU(No First Use),into "FU(First Use)".The USA policy of "Internationalization" for India through which all sanctions of India particularly Indian Space Research Organization(ISRO)and Defense Research and Development Organization(DRDO)have been removed by the USA and has given rise to Indian strategic forces and space weapons accessibility.With the support of the USA and getting memberships of Multilateral Exports Control Regimes(MECRs),i.e.Missile fechnology Control Regime(MTCR)in 2016.Wassenaar Arrangement(WA)in 2017 and Australian Group(AG)in 2018.have given weight to India’s high-technology defense goods trade,advancement in biological,toxin&chemical weapons and flurry the’"Quality and Quantity" of its BMDs missiles i.e.intercontinental.Cruise and hypersonic.In addition,USA supports India in UNSC and NSG clubs has also costs.meaning,and implications.The sharing of sensitive technology and weapons under the(DTTI)has increased the Indian defense industry and military power.The security foundational accords have been signed between India and the USA i.e.LEMOA(2016).COMCASA(2018),ISA(2019),and BECA(2020)which have seemed to increase Indian ISR(intelligence,surveillance,and Reconnaissance)power.Indian missile’s accuracy.correctness and space weaponiozation.The USA and its allies open all doors of military dual-use technology and weapons for India i.e."Avenger&Predator"&"MQ-9" armed drones."Medium Altitude Long Endurance"(MALE)."High altitude Long Endurance"(HALE)drones,atomic warheads delivery systems,latest missiles technologies,ArRow Anti-Missiles systems(AAMs)。theatre missile and Patriot Advance Capability(PAC-Ⅰ,PAC-Ⅱ,PAC-Ⅲ)which are giving weight to India’s offensive power projection and military force postures.State’s security is very more significant in the discipline of International relations and every state is striving for security and survival.Each state in the international sphere has its own specific security definition but in inter-state relations of Pakistan and India,Pakistan’s security spectrum is interconnected with offensive India’s centric traditional threat.The study concedes that the peace and stability of South Asia is linked with two antagonistic nuclear "haves" rivals India and Pakistan and their relations.The rise of one of them as powerful can be called a distorter.Moreover,in the India-Pakistan inter-state relations,Pakistan’s security spectrum is interconnected with offensive India’s centric threat.To counterweight the Indian offensive march-past and conventional military gap.Pakistan was also compelled to conduct its nuclear program and assured its security but the problems of Pakistan’s security and nuclear deterrence were augmented at the very first moment when India and the USA shared their mutual consensus on NSSP and build strong "Strategic Partnership".Enhanced capacity building of Indian armed forces.defense&security ties with the USA.possession of state-to-art weaponries and nuclear partnerships may weaken the deterrent worth of Pakistan’s conventional and nuclear weaponries and would be likely the strict offensive march-past of India towards Pakistan.From Pakistan’s perspective,Pakistan has security concerns regarding this "India-USA strategic partnership" because Pakistan cannot afford to remain ignorant to these developments due to their security implications.Thus,the present study in hand mainly addresses and designed to investigate the implications of strategic partnership on Pakistan’s security.This study is limited to India US nuclear cooperation.India US defense and security juxtaposition and its impact on Pakistan’s security under the framework of India US strategic partnership.India-USA economic,I.T,Health,energy&Climate.education ties are not part of this dissertation.Since,with Pakistan perspective,there is a gigantic gap and no study has taken on this topic and present study would fill the gap and will be more significant for the field of International Relations.Summarily,in nutshell,the study concedes that today,the world is standing at crossroads.Any right or wrong decisions will have meanings for the world;right decisions will call harmony while wrong decisions will call the dangerous catastrophic.Consequently,the study reveals that the mounting India-United States strategic partnership via strategic and kinetic warfare tools post-2004 that are entirely in India’s favor is believed to augment India’s strategic and kinetic warfare and offensive power and ambitions that in turn have negative implications on Pakistan’s security. |
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