Research On The Mechanism Of Social Network Embeddedness Affecting The Skills Of Floating Population

The people-centric new urbanization emphasizes the full integration of the floating population and the " undifferentiated development of human beings." This means that the labor force can not only realize the optimal allocation of resources in the process of migration,but more importantly,it can also share the fruits of urban development after migration,which brings the effective improvement of labor quality.In recent years,the skill level of the floating population has always been the focus of attention in the academic circle.However,due to the difficulties in the measurement method,wages are usually selected as the proxy variable of the skill level.Therefore,existing researches generally focus on the wages of floating population,wage premiums in big cities,and heterogeneous labor wage differences.The core view is that the migration of population to big cities is to obtain higher wage premium in big cities,and highly skilled labor tends to gain more benefits from the spillover effect of city size.However,few literatures have systematically explained the process of labor obtaining spillover benefits.Since the formation of the spillover effect is often inseparable from the interaction between social members,especially for the floating population in a foreign land,cultural differences and environmental inadaptability can make them more dependent on social network resources for help.Therefore,the ability of the floating population to use the social network of the place of inflow will affect the spillover effect to a greater extent.This dissertation clarifies the mechanism of social network embeddedness on the economic behavior of the floating population,and clarifies the differentiation path of social interaction affecting the skills of the floating population,so as to systematically explore the skill improvement process and the difference in skill improvement of the heterogeneous floating population.First,according to the social network theory,embeddedness theory and the embeddedness characteristics of floating population,the theoretical mechanism of social network embeddedness affecting the skills of floating population is proposed from two aspects of life and work relationship embeddedness respectively.The life relationship mainly acts on the job information acquisition of the floating population through the rent-seeking function and trust function of the social network,which makes it easier for the floating population to obtain high-quality jobs,thus directly improving their skill level.On the other hand,working relationship promotes the knowledge exchange and professional skills learning of floating population through the tacit knowledge exchange function of social network,the synergistic effect between network members and peer pressure,as well as the motivation of investment risk avoidance and resource protection,so as to indirectly improve their skills.According to the analysis of theoretical mechanism,construct a theoretical model of the influence of social network embeddedness on the skills of floating population.By separately defining emotional information exchange and knowledge-based information exchange,the skills improvement process under the embedding of life relationship and work relationship are distinguished,and a labor production function that integrates "production part" and "communication part" is constructed.The theoretical hypothesis of this article is obtained through the equilibrium derivation,that is,the improvement of the embedded relationship between life and work is conducive to the improvement of the skills of the floating population.However,there is heterogeneity in the skill-enhancing effects of migrants with different abilities.The higher the abilities of floating individuals,the more skill-enhancement they can obtain from the life and work relationship embeddedness in the place of inflow.In addition,the larger the city where the floating population is located,the stronger the role of skill improvement.Secondly,according to theoretical analysis,it is proposed that the embeddedness of the social network of the floating population is mainly reflected in the three dimensions of connection strength,integration and stability,so as to select the strength of life connection,life integration and stability of life,as well as the strength of work connection,the degree of work integration and work stability six indicators to describe the social network embeddedness of the floating population.Based on the structural equation model,the social network embeddedness of the floating population is effectively identified,and the embeddedness indicators under different educational backgrounds,city sizes,industries,and ownership types are measured and compared.By comparing the results of calculations,it is found that,first,the work relationship embeddedness among high-educated floating population is generally higher,while the life relationship embeddedness among low-educated floating population is higher.Second,the life and work relationship embeddedness of the floating population in very large cities and above are significantly higher than those of large cities and small and medium-sized cities,and there is little difference in embeddedness between large cities and small & medium-sized cities.Third,industries with low life and work relationship embeddedness all appear in life service industries such as wholesale and retail,accommodation and catering,and social services,while the industries with the highest life relationship embeddedness are distributed in the traditional agriculture,forestry,animal husbandry and fishery industries,and the industries with the highest work relationship embeddedness are generally distributed in party and government agencies and public welfare organizations.Thirdly,empirically test the influence of social network embeddedness on the skills of the floating population through an econometric model,and consider the endogenous problems that may exist in the model,and select the instrumental variable method to solve it.The obtained test results found that the life relationship embeddedness of the floating population has no significant impact on skills,but the work relationship embeddedness has a significant positive impact on skills,and the improvement of educational background can strengthen the positive effect of work relationship embeddedness on the improvement of skills.Further group testing shows that life relationship embeddedness only has a significant positive effect on the skills of the high-educated floating population,but has a negative impact on the skills of the low-educated floating population.The work relationship embeddedness has a significant positive impact on any group of skills.At the same time,the moderating effect based on working hours shows that although the increase in working hours has a positive effect on the skills of the floating population,the effect of skill improvement is heterogeneous due to the differences in education of the floating population.In terms of work relationship embeddedness,the increase in working hours of high-educated floating can enhance the promotion of their work relationship embeddedness on skills improvement,but for low-educated floating population,the increase in working hours inhibits the positive effect of work relationship embeddedness on skills influences.In terms of life relationship embeddedness,the increase in working hours will not significantly affect the positive effect of high-educated floating population’s life relationship embeddedness on skills improvement,but it can weaken the negative effect of low-educated floating population’s life relationship embeddedness on skills to a certain extent.Finally,this study further considers that the specificity and complexity of skills will affect the job changes and knowledge learning of the floating population in different industries,and the flexibility of skill transfer and the intensity of skill competition will also affect the floating population under different types of enterprise ownership.Job acquisition and knowledge learning,which in turn affects the formation process of the skills of the migrant population.After testing the heterogeneity of the industry and the type of enterprise ownership of the floating population,it is found that the difference in skill improvement under the heterogeneity of the industry and ownership is mainly manifested in the high-educated floating population.On the one hand,both life relationship embeddedness and work relationship embeddedness can play a positive role in promoting skills in industries with high technological content and cognitive complexity.In agriculture and some industrial fields,the skill-promoting effects of life relationship embeddedness and work relationship embeddedness are not significant.On the other hand,in private enterprises with a high degree of marketization,both life relationship embeddedness and work relationship embeddedness can effectively improve the skills of the high-educated floating population,while in sectors with low marketization,especially state-owned and state-controlled enterprises,The improvement of the skills of the floating population is not significant.