| The epidemic of New Coronavirus pneumonia has swept the world,and the global economy has been greatly impacted.This brings severe challenges to the global industrial chain supply chain.China’s major enterprises are trying to stabilize their supply chain,expand the scope of supplier selection through the Internet platform,and maintain the stability of production and supply.Relying on the information communication technology emphasized by the Internet,the decentralized production links are gathered together in the way of "cloud".This is an important embodiment of the impact of Internet technology on the transformation of traditional industries.Global production technology innovation is booming,the trend of global industrial chain reconstruction is becoming more and more obvious,and the information internet has important applications in many fields.China’s economy is in a critical period of industrial transformation and upgrading.Intelligent manufacturing and industry 4.0 are developing rapidly and are constantly changing China’s industrial pattern.In2015,the State Council issued the guiding opinions on actively promoting the "Internet plus" action,marking that the "Internet plus" action plan will comprehensively promote China’s industrial transformation and upgrading in the form of national strategy.Traditional industrial agglomeration is an industrial agglomeration formed by taking space as the link and taking resource endowment,talent elements,transportation elements and market location as the core in geographical areas,which has synergistic effects in production,R & D and innovation,market sales and so on.With the development of Internet plus,China’s industrial transformation has entered a new stage.By virtue of the construction characteristics of the universality,universality and basic universality of the Internet,as well as the support of diversified,cutting-edge and rapid technological innovation for industrial development,we can overcome the inherent barriers to technological innovation and resource monopoly advantages,and alleviate the imbalance of industrial innovation factors in various regions.China Internet plus has emerged in various industries.China’s industrial structure optimization and industrial transformation and upgrading have gradually formed a new pattern.Intelligent manufacturing has become the main direction of China’s industrial development,and also a key support for China’s construction and manufacturing power.For a long time,China has formulated a number of policies to promote the deep integration of industrialization and informatization,so as to lay a solid institutional foundation for the vigorous development of intelligent manufacturing.On the related technological innovation,the "Internet plus" R & D design pattern continues to evolve and innovate,and the R & D capability of enterprises is continuously improving.With the application of various industries in the "Internet plus",the horizontal and vertical boundaries and regional boundaries of industries have been straddled.The Internet has deepened the integration of various industries and replaced the traditional closed R & D innovation mode.The key of the new innovation model is to effectively couple with various relevant resources and promote the enhancement of the technological innovation ability of the whole industrial system from the perspective of industrial chain and technology chain.In terms of manufacturing service,China’s producer service industry has attracted more and more attention,especially in the service fields of installation,maintenance,training,design,system integration,engineering general contracting,software development and leasing.Of course,big data and Internet of things technology are favored by the manufacturing industry in the "Internet plus" technology service.With the improvement of service capacity and efficiency,the production technology and production efficiency of manufacturing industry have also made great progress.Therefore,the service-oriented manufacturing industry is entering the road of rapid development.In terms of industrial cloud ecology,the cloud ecosystem with cloud design,cloud production,cloud management,cloud experiment,cloud analysis and cloud service as the core has gradually formed,which is a new boost to the development of industrial form.At the same time,various intelligent workshops and factories are emerging,and the construction of various industrial parks and carriers is accelerating "Internet plus brings new models to industrial development,and also impacts traditional industrial agglomeration".Taiwan of China once enjoyed the reputation of "four little dragons of Asia".In the process of deepening the world industrial division,it gradually formed industrial clusters of various industries by undertaking international industrial transfer.The external economy,innovation and cooperation effect of industrial agglomeration is an important driving force to promote Taiwan’s industrial competitiveness and economic growth.Central Taiwan is the largest traditional industrial area in Taiwan,and also an important industrial agglomeration area.With the prosperity of the Internet and the improvement of network communication facilities,the traditional industrial clusters in Central Taiwan are also facing the impact of the Internet and the industrial transformation of integrating Internet technology.Under the background of Internet,traditional industrial agglomeration in Central Taiwan is facing the challenges of industrial transformation and emerging industries,which also accelerates the adjustment of industrial layout in Central Taiwan.This study attempts to take the industrial agglomeration in Central Taiwan as the research sample,to clarify the development pattern and spatial distribution of industrial agglomeration in Central Taiwan,and further explore the impact of the Internet on industrial agglomeration.This study deeply reviews the relevant literature of industrial agglomeration,Internet and industrial agglomeration,and finds that domestic and foreign scholars have relatively rich research on industrial agglomeration,but there is still a lack of research on coping with new factors affecting industrial agglomeration.First,there is little literature on the evolution of industrial agglomeration in the process of industrial transformation and the alternation of traditional and emerging industries.In the era of rapid technological innovation,the development of industry will accelerate into the transformation and upgrading cycle,which has a significant impact on the business model of enterprises,and also makes the evolution of industrial agglomeration appear new characteristics.Second,few literatures consider the influence of Internet factors on the evolution of industrial agglomeration.With the support of network technology,enterprises have realized multi-party interconnection,crossed the old barriers of division of labor in the industrial chain,formed a flexible division of labor,and promoted technological innovation and product upgrading.This is not only a major challenge for the traditional manufacturing industry,but also an opportunity for transformation and upgrading.The transformation and upgrading of manufacturing industry should not only be the innovation of technology,but also the innovation of production mode."Internet plus real economy" is an important transformation mode.However,few researches can analyze the impact mechanism from different industries,and little is done about the mechanism of the change of manufacturing industry agglomeration in the new environment.Third,few literatures consider the relationship between regional industrial development form and industrial agglomeration.In a region,multiple industrial clusters will be formed based on comparative advantages,policy guidance,market driving and other factors,so that the regional industrial development presents a multi cluster development form.This will continue from the macro layout,coordinate the development relationship between different industrial clusters,so as to maintain the healthy development of regional industry.Based on the external growth theory,growth pole theory,product life cycle theory,innovation industry agglomeration theory,this thesis analyzes the impact of Internet on industrial agglomeration.This study suggests that Internet technology may have a diffusion effect on industrial agglomeration,and may also promote industrial agglomeration to be more intensive.First of all,In terms of diffusion,first,the diffusion caused by the network platform.An important feature of the Internet is the convenience of information communication.The network platform can gather a large amount of information from all over the world.The application of Internet plus can effectively reduce the cost of information search,thereby reducing transaction costs and procurement costs.Enterprises can carry out convenient information communication through the network,and the influence effect of geographical space is gradually weakened,resulting in the gradual reduction of the positive externality of industrial spatial agglomeration.Without joining the traditional industrial cluster,enterprises can also obtain benefits similar to the agglomeration effect.Secondly,diffusion under intra product division of labor.The high-speed information channel constructed by the Internet is breaking through the original barriers of division of labor in the industrial chain,and the flexible division of labor is gradually becoming a trend.Enterprises can realize customized production at a low cost.Based on the concept of modularization,they can divide product production into various division modules,effectively couple them by using Internet communication technology,and supervise in real time,so as to realize virtual industrial chain agglomeration.Finally,the global industrial chain is undergoing reconstruction,in which the application of digital and network technology is an important motivation.Advanced network technologies such as cloud computing,big data and the Internet of things are gradually integrated into the traditional production system,breaking through the old boundary of production division of labor and promoting the reorganization of industrial structure.Diffusion caused by inter industry integration.There is heterogeneity among regional industries.Integration means that the inherent boundaries between industries will gradually blur or even disappear.Industries with stronger specialization of final products tend to spread.In terms of agglomeration,on the one hand,it is the agglomeration of production factors.The Internet not only brings the rapid convergence and divergence of information,but also brings qualitative changes to all links of enterprise production,and innovates the allocation mode for factor resource allocation.For example,in order to use more advanced scientific research equipment and information technology facilities,small and medium-sized enterprises with weak scientific research strength will set up in large enterprises or public service platforms and gradually form agglomeration.In addition,the other is the agglomeration caused by division of labor.In the past,some enterprises gathered around the market in order to obtain the market faster.However,with the development of Internet technology,the emergence of relevant network platforms and the vigorous development of modern logistics technology,enterprises have to face more virtual markets,and geospatial space is no longer an obstacle to obtain the market.Therefore,these enterprises will adjust their production layout and gather in places with lower raw material costs in order to obtain low-cost competitive advantage.At the same time,the emergence of the Internet market has also cultivated the personalized needs of consumers,thus greatly stimulating the division of production.Enterprises with the same division of labor module will actively seek horizontal cooperation to achieve scale effect and reduce costs,so as to promote relevant industrial agglomeration.Finally,the effect of Internet on industrial agglomeration needs empirical test.Through literature review and theoretical analysis,this study believes that industrial agglomeration,which is driven by industries and their upstream and downstream industries,often has competitive advantages and can drive innovation and the development of regional economy,while the impact of Internet on industrial agglomeration has multiple forms of static and dynamic impact on industrial agglomeration through diffusion effect and agglomeration effect,which can not only reduce the degree of agglomeration,but also improve the efficiency Increase the degree of agglomeration.In the first stage,we use multivariate analysis to find out the driving industries in the central region from five categories,including competitiveness,local competitive advantage,industrial driving effect,export and R & D,with a total of 14 variables.In the second stage,we use the industrial correlation analysis of input-output,with the driving industry as the core,combined with the industrial correlation analysis of the demand side and supply side of input-output,to describe the industrial agglomeration,the industrial sectors within the agglomeration and the degree of mutual correlation.Finally,it describes the development and spatial distribution of industrial agglomeration in the central region.In the third stage,we use panel regression and time series analysis to verify the impact of Internet development on industrial agglomeration.The results show that:(1)there are six major industrial clusters in Central Taiwan:processed food,beverage,iron and steel,chemical raw materials,petroleum products and plastics.In terms of spatial location of processed food,Miaoli County is the core,and Nantou County and Zhanghua County form another small core.The number of manufacturers in Nantou County accounts for more than Miaoli County in Central Taiwan,However,the total output of Miaoli County is much higher than that of Nantou County.In addition,the distribution of leather and leather products manufacturers is almost around Miaoli County,and the location is significantly close to the main distribution range of processed food.In terms of spatial location of beverage manufacturers,Zhanghua County and Miaoli County are the core of the distribution,and the proportion of manufacturers in Zhanghua County is better than that in Miaoli County.But detailed observation of the number of employees and total production can find that the main proportion is still concentrated in Miaoli County.The relevant metal products departments are mainly concentrated in Miaoli County and Zhanghua County,among which the number of employees and total production of Zhanghua County are the highest in the central region of metal products department,which shows its importance,and has obvious proximity to the location of beverage agglomeration.In addition,the thesis and thesis products and printing and publishing departments are mainly concentrated in Miaoli County and Zhanghua County.In terms of the number of employees and the total production of the thesis and thesis products and printing and publishing department,Zhanghua County accounts for a higher proportion of the industry in the central region,and is the region with the most significant development intensity.The location distribution of iron and steel agglomeration is large,mainly concentrated in Miaoli County and Zhanghua County.However,the total production is still concentrated in Miaoli County.However,the spatial distribution of machinery and means of transportation is closely related to the concentration of iron and steel,while the spatial distribution of mineral and petroleum products is not significantly related to the concentration of iron and steel.The concentration of chemical raw materials is mainly from Miaoli County and Zhanghua County as the core outward diffusion.Among them,textile,other chemical products,plastic products and chemical raw materials have obvious proximity in spatial distribution;in addition,man-made fiber,mineral and petroleum refining products have no obvious proximity.The petroleum products cluster is relatively close to the mineral sector in space,while the transportation,storage and communication sector mainly spreads outward with Miaoli County as the core,which obviously has obvious spatial proximity to the petroleum refining products cluster.The plastic sector mainly takes Miaoli County and Zhanghua County as the core and spreads outward.(2)The higher the impact of the Internet,the weaker the industrial agglomeration,and the industrial clusters show a diffusion trend.With the continuous improvement of Internet infrastructure and the improvement of Internet popularity in Central Taiwan,enterprises have new ways of production organization.Use the Internet platform to connect upstream and downstream enterprises in different regions to realize the production chain across space.(3)The impact of Internet on the agglomeration of beverage industry is not significant.This may be because the complexity of beverage products is low,the industrial division chain is short,and the diffusion effect of Internet is not obvious.The industrial agglomeration of processed food,steel,chemical raw materials,petroleum products and plastics are obviously affected by the diffusion effect of Internet impact.Moreover,the diffusion effect of Internet impact on petroleum products industry is the largest,followed by steel industry.With the improvement of social and economic level,people’s consumption upgrading has higher requirements for product upgrading.This means that the derivative products of petroleum products and steel industry are more complex,and the industrial division chain is longer.This gives enterprises the space to use the Internet for modular production.In addition,the petroleum products and steel industries are closer to the upstream industries,the industrial division chain is long,and the Internet based industrial integration is more likely to occur.(4)Both industrial agglomeration and Internet popularization are conducive to enhance regional industrial competitiveness and promote regional industrial development.However,under the background of Internet,the role of industrial agglomeration in promoting regional industrial development is weakened.The popularity of the Internet has led to the decline of information search and communication costs among enterprises,the diffusion trend of regional industrial agglomeration,the weakening of scale effect,and the weakening of the role of promoting regional industrial development.(5)The agglomeration analysis shows that the driving industries in Central Taiwan are mainly related to the direction of the government’s industrial policy and the industrial content supported by the government.Government policies guide the traditional geographical industrial agglomeration,and respond slowly to the changes of industrial agglomeration under the background of the Internet.This is also the reason why the role of industrial agglomeration in promoting regional industrial development has been weakened under the background of the Internet.Based on the research conclusion,this study believes that both governments and enterprises should face up to and adapt to the development of the Internet.On the whole,the development of the Internet makes the original industrial agglomeration diffuse.Therefore,this study suggests that,first,accurately grasp the market development form and actively guide enterprises to innovate business models.Second,strengthen the development of Internet platforms and provide sufficient opportunities for enterprise interconnection.Third,build a network intelligence industry chain under the guidance of standardization.Fourth,adapt to regional industrial characteristics and actively develop information economy.Fifth,strengthen government policy guidance and promote the upgrading of industrial agglomeration. |
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