Research On The Scientific And Technological Innovation Effect Of Population Mobility In Regional Economic Developmen

This paper constructs a theoretical model of population mobility and regional innovation under the framework of new economic geography,and empirically analyzes the scientific and technological innovation effect of population mobility in regional economic development with the help of Chinese data.Firstly,in theory,this paper constructs a three sector knowledge innovation model based on D-S model and TP model.The theoretical research shows that the driving effect of floating population on innovation originates from the diversified demand and diversified knowledge supply of consumers.As the carrier of knowledge,population has become an important channel for innovation diffusion through mobility.On the basis of the theoretical model,this paper collects and sorts out the population data from various sources such as lsandscan,worldpop and census,verifies the theoretical hypothesis by using measurement methods such as PPML and social network analysis,and verifies the diversity effect from the perspectives of educational heterogeneity and source diversity of floating population,Based on the social network QAP analysis method,this paper analyzes the relationship between population flow network and inter regional innovation diffusion.Finally,based on the theoretical and empirical analysis,this paper puts forward some policy suggestions for the floating population policy and innovative development strategy.Specifically,the empirical conclusions of this paper are as follows:Empirical conclusions of population flow and Regional Innovation:(1)from the benchmark results,population inflow significantly promotes the increase of regional innovation output.Population inflow will not only increase the total regional innovation output,but also significantly promote the increase of per capita innovation output.It is further found that population inflow will not only increase the total regional innovation output,And it will increase the per capita innovation output.There is an increasing relationship between the inflow of population and the innovation output.(2)From the perspective of educational heterogeneity effect,the population with different educational backgrounds in the region has a positive and significant impact on regional innovation,that is,it is not only the population with high education background that promotes the innovation level,but the population with medium education background is also conducive to the improvement of innovation level.The floating population with high education background and medium education background have a positive role in promoting different types of innovation respectively,The low educated floating population can also promote the level of regional innovation by providing auxiliary services.Further analysis points out that the optimal proportion of the population with high school education and low education is about 1.4:1,and the optimal proportion of the population with high education and medium education is about 1.1:1.Specifically,in different cities,the optimal proportion of the population with high education may be higher in cities dominated by invention patents,and the demand for the proportion of the population with medium education is higher in cities dominated by practical new models or designs.(3)In terms of the diversity of population sources,the improvement of the overall diversity of population has a significant role in promoting regional innovation.For every 1% increase in population diversity,the number of open and authorized patents per capita will increase by 2.28% and 2.49% respectively.Specifically,the scale effect coefficients are 1.57% and 1.7%,and the type effect coefficients are 8.82% and 10.1%,That is,the promoting effect of population diversity on regional innovation may mainly come from the type effect.(4)From the perspective of heterogeneity,in the period of rapid economic growth,the role of population inflow in promoting regional scientific and technological innovation is significantly greater than that in the period of new normal.For every 1% increase in population inflow in the period of rapid economic growth,the number of patents will increase by more than3%,while that in the period of new normal development is less than 2%.The analysis of spatial heterogeneity found that population inflow in the East,central and western regions has a significant role in promoting innovation output.The eastern region is the lowest,followed by the central region,and the western region is the highest.The effect of population inflow on regional innovation is negatively correlated with the level of regional economic development.From the perspective of industry heterogeneity,all kinds of industries have a significant role in promoting innovation.In terms of coefficient comparison,the impact coefficients of population inflow on the disclosure of patents in technology,capital and labor-intensive industries are 0.9%,0.76% and0.97% respectively.Population inflow has the greatest effect on promoting the innovation of labor-intensive industries and the least effect on capital intensive industries,but on the whole,the impact gap on various industries is small.Empirical conclusions of population flow network and regional innovation diffusion:(1)population inflow plays a significant role in promoting innovation diffusion.For every 1% increase in population inflow,the average number of citations of open and authorized patents will increase by 2.89% and 2.56% respectively,and the number of cooperative open and authorized patents will increase by 2.23% and 2.15%respectively,The number of patent transfer disclosure and authorization will increase by 2.33% and 2.2% respectively,and the number of patent license disclosure and authorization will increase by 3.21% and 3.07% respectively.Further research on the inter regional population flow network and innovation diffusion shows that the floating population between cities has become an important channel for the diffusion of innovation among regions,and is gradually increasing.The population flow network between regions has become an important link to realize innovation exchange and cooperation.(2)The increase of population inflow centrality has a significant role in promoting the city as a source of innovation and cooperation.From the coefficient comparison,the impact of the improvement of population inflow centrality on active cooperation is greater than that of passive cooperation.The results of total amount and per capita are consistent.Moreover,the regions with high population outflow have higher willingness to participate in innovation cooperation than those with high population inflow,which shows that the regions with high population outflow have higher willingness to participate in innovation cooperation.(3)From the perspective of educational heterogeneity,the regression results of floating population with different educational backgrounds on innovation diffusion are basically consistent with the conclusion of innovation,that is,highly educated and medium educated people have a direct role in promoting innovation diffusion,while low educated population can strengthen the positive correlation between medium and high educated floating population and regional innovation diffusion by providing basic services.However,the conclusion of patent cooperation is slightly different.Only the highly educated population has a significant role in promoting inter regional innovation cooperation,while the low and medium educated population has no significant impact on inter regional innovation cooperation.(4)From the perspective of the diversity of population sources,the diversity of population sources can significantly promote the diffusion of innovation.Further decomposition of diversity shows that the positive role of population diversity in promoting innovation diffusion mainly comes from the type effect,which can significantly promote innovation cooperation,and the impact of scale effect is relatively small.The destination diversity of population outflow may have a negative impact on innovation diffusion.The negative impact mainly comes from the scale effect of population outflow,but the type effect has a significant positive impact on innovation diffusion.(5)From the perspective of heterogeneity,population inflow can significantly promote the diffusion of different types of innovation at different stages of economic development.Population mobility will promote the diffusion of technology through technology trading,exchange and cooperation.It is found that the regression of population mobility on patent citation and transfer in the three regions has passed the significance test.The influence coefficient of population mobility on patent cooperation is only significant in the central region,while patent licensing is significant in the eastern and western regions.This result may reflect that the preferred mode of technology transmission in different regions is slightly different.According to the above research conclusions,this paper puts forward policy suggestions from the national and regional levels.At the national level:(1)improve the population policy and remove the institutional and institutional obstacles that hinder the flow of population factors among regions;(2)We will promote the reform of the education system and improve the quality of the population.(3)Break down administrative boundary barriers and actively promote the diffusion of innovation among regions.At the regional level:(1)population inflow areas need to eliminate discrimination and improve urban population diversity.(2)Population outflow areas need to prevent disorderly spread and focus on local comparative advantages.(3)Promote population integration and give full play to the positive effect of population diversity on innovation.(4)With the help of population mobility network,establish innovative links between regions.