Research On The Use Of The Internet To Alleviate The Effects Of Multidimensional Poverty

Poverty reduction has always been one of the key research topics in Development Economics.Although China has made historic achievements in eliminating income poverty in 2020,poverty eradication should not only start from the perspective of income,but also solve the multi-dimensional problems of poverty such as education,health,environment and safety.In recent years,the rapid rise and development of Internet,big data and other emerging technologies have profoundly changed the information structure,production behavior and life mode of farmers,and ultimately affected the logic and path of poverty reduction.Therefore,with the new background of the deep integration of Internet and rural economy,Internet is no longer confined to a kind of exogenous technology for farmers,but becomes a more and more important source of living water for farmers to get rid of poverty.Based on this,the scientific issues discussed in this paper focus on the mechanism and path of Internet use in poverty reduction.Following the logical train of thought of "theoretical research → empirical research → policy research",taking the popularization and use of the Internet in rural areas as the starting point,alleviating the contradiction of farmers‘ multidimensional poverty as the foothold,and implementing the combination of normative research and empirical research to provide theoretical basis and decision-making reference for reducing farmers‘ multidimensional poverty.Among them,the theoretical research mainly clarifies the impact mechanism and transmission mechanism of Internet use on Farmers‘ multidimensional poverty,so as to build a macro analysis framework for the later empirical research.On the basis of descriptive statistics,the empirical research uses the data of China comprehensive survey of social conditions(CSS)and the estimation techniques such as least square method(OLS),unconditional quantile regression(uqr)and instrumental variable quantile regression(ivqr)to verify the research hypothesis.The policy research part puts forward a policy system to correct farmers‘ Multi-dimensional poverty based on the steady research conclusion.The main research contents and conclusions of this paper are summarized as follows:(1)Identify trends and characteristics of Internet use and poverty among rural households.By describing multidimensional data on income and consumption,living standards,infrastructure,education,health care and so on,it is found that the Internet is mainly involved in poverty alleviation in rural areas through digital transformation of agricultural production,network application of rural management,Internet application in rural governance and network application of rural information service system.Moreover,with the increase in rural Internet penetration and usage,the Internet is mainly used to alleviate poverty by bridging the "digital divide" in poor areas,rural e-commerce,helping people with intelligence and ambition through the Internet of engineering,reducing poverty through information service projects,and reducing poverty through network public welfare projects.(2)Established the mechanism and framework for the impact of Internet use on Farmers’ multidimensional poverty.This paper constructs the direct and indirect impact mechanism of Internet use on Farmers‘ multidimensional poverty.Among them,the popularity and use of the Internet can have a direct impact on Farmers‘ multidimensional poverty through educational resources,health behavior,financial services and quality of life,and indirectly affect farmers‘ multidimensional poverty through family income,social capital and non-agricultural employment.(3)Empirically test the direct poverty reduction effect of Internet use.The results show that: in general,Internet use can significantly alleviate farmers’ multidimensional poverty,and Internet use can reduce farmers’ poverty mainly by reducing farmers’ education poverty,health poverty and quality of life poverty.Using the data from the the Chinese Social Survey(CSS)in 2017,this paper empirically tests the impact mechanism and theoretical hypothesis of Internet use on multidimensional poverty of rural households from the aggregate and structural dimensions,it is found that Internet use has a direct and inclusive effect on the multidimensional poverty of rural households.In other words,Internet use can significantly weaken the multidimensional poverty structure of rural households,and the poverty reduction effect of Internet use behavior is more obvious for the less developed areas in the central and western regions,the poorer rural households.(4)Empirically test the indirect poverty reduction effect of Internet use.The results show that the intermediary effect of Internet use on Farmers’ multidimensional poverty exists,and farmers’ family income,social capital and non-agricultural employment are the intermediary variables of them,that is,Internet use can alleviate farmers’ multidimensional poverty by promoting farmers’ income,social capital accumulation and non-agricultural employment.Based on the theoretical analysis framework,this paper constructs the intermediary effect model of Internet use on Farmers‘ multidimensional poverty,and estimates the model by using CSS data in 2017,OLS method and quantile regression method.The conclusion shows that the impact of Internet use on Farmers‘multidimensional poverty can be transmitted by farmers‘ family income channel,social capital channel and non-agricultural employment channel at the same time,and their intermediary effects account for 5.3%,7.3% and 21.1% respectively.(5)Design management pathways for Internet use in poverty alleviation.Poverty alleviation is an issue of social macro-management.It is necessary to construct a government-market-farmer multi-agent coordination mechanism with Internet use as the core.Each subject has different roles and tasks to fulfill in poverty alleviation,so they should do well in their respective duties and cooperate with each other.In addition,there are certain gaps such as knowledge and technology,software and hardware,and so there is in Internet poverty alleviation,which lead to certain externalities in the effective implementation of this work,therefore,the government‘s free(or incomplete compensation)intervention is the premise of the work.At the same time,to improve the flexibility and efficiency of the work requires effective access to the market.The ultimate subject of the poverty problem is the poor peasant households,so it is necessary to improve the Internet hardware occupancy rate,the level of use and their own will to get rid of poverty.Compared with the previous research,the possible innovative aspects of this paper fall into the following points:(1)Introduce the perspective of Internet use to provide a new research perspective for exploring the formation mechanism of rural household poverty.Exploring the causes of poverty is a hot issue in Development Economics.The economic and non-economic causes of poverty formation and enlargement have been explored in the literature.However,the current researches mostly ignores the impact mechanism of the new generation of information technology,which is represented by Internet,on the multidimensional poverty of rural households,and it is difficult to explain the mechanism of the formation and evolution of rural poverty in the new situation.In fact,with the deep integration of the Internet and the rural economy,the use of Internet has a profound impact on the health,education and living standards of the poor households.(2)Construct the theoretical framework of the impact of Internet use on Farmers’ poverty,and empirically test the direct and indirect effects of Internet use on Farmers’ multidimensional poverty.Under the background of the dual rise of digital economy and rural revitalization,farmers‘ poverty has new development characteristics and evolution trend.It is urgent to build a new macro research framework to explain this new phenomenon.This paper introduces the perspectives of Internet economic theory and long tail economic theory into poverty theory,constructs the theoretical mechanism and framework of Internet use affecting farmers‘ poverty,interprets the direct effect and inclusive effect of Internet use affecting farmers‘ Multidimensional Poverty from multiple perspectives such as total dimension and structural dimension,and more accurately depicts the poverty reduction effect of Internet use under the background of digital economy era.At the same time,the intermediary effect method is used to test the transmission mechanism of Internet use affecting farmers‘ multidimensional poverty.The research conclusion shows that Internet use can indirectly alleviate farmers‘ multidimensional poverty by promoting farmers‘ income,social capital accumulation and non-agricultural employment.(3)Design a government-market-farmer multi-agent coordination mechanism with Internet use as the core to provide decision-making basis for optimizing the management path of Internet use in poverty alleviation.The use and popularization of Internet in rural poor areas have some characteristics of quasi-public goods,so there are market failures,that is,the problems can not be solved efficiently by simply introducing market access.Therefore,the government‘s strong intervention is the necessary prerequisite for the effective realization of the subject.At the same time,the government should lead the market and poor farmers as the bottom-pocket and the organizer,so that the three main bodies have their own roles to play and work together to promote the efficiency of internet use in the process of poverty reduction.