Study On Preparation Method Of Self-disperse And Anti-aging Nano-oxides

With the development of the technology in science, the common materials are very difficult to satisfy numerous needs. Being known for the most prospect material of 21 century, the nanomaterial with its superior function and the extensive usage has become the investigative point in science in new material. The proportion of the nano-oxides is very big in all the nanaomaterials that have been exploited because nano-oxides have special function in catalysis, photoelectricity and absorbability. General nano-oxides are agglomerated and can aging easily in the process of preparation and application. Agglomeration and aging have become a bottleneck of the development of the nanopowders and restrain namomaterials from producing industrially and applying sweepingly.In the article , according to hydrothermal method and combining the strongpoint of sol-gel method and hydrothermal method, we exploit a new method--pressure-hydrothermal method and try to settle the problem of theagglomeration and aging in the nanomaterial.Nano-CuO powders were successfully prepared by pressure-hydrothermal method with CuSO4 5H2O and NaOH as materials. XRD, SEM and TEM were used to characterize the samples. The influence of raw materials' initial concentration, thermal treatment' temperature, pressure and thermal treatment' time on the morphology and size of CuO were analyzed, and the possible growth mechanism was also discussed. Nano-CuO was also prepared by sol-gel method and pressure-hydrothermal method respectively. The samples were characterized contrastively by SEM, TEM , SAED, positron annihilate and the differentmechanism for two methods were preliminarily discussed. The experimental results showed that nano-CuO prepared by sol-gel method was spherical, which was agglomerated badly and can aging easily. However, nano-CuO prepared by pressure-hydrothermal method has loose and thin-piece appearance structure. It was separate spontaneously and it's anti -aging ability was better. The particle thickness was about 20nm. Finally, we synthesize lithium ion battery by CuO prepared by two methods as cathode material and analyze their elctrochemisrty capability. The result showed that crystal defect of nano-CuO prepared by pressure-hydrothermal method is less, structure is more stable, the process of charge and discharge is more steady, and duration is longer. The specific energy in working state is stable and the life -span is long.In the last part of the paper, we analyze primarily prepare condition of nano-SnO and nano-ZnO by pressure-hydrothermal method.