A Case Study Of Indicators System Of Environmental Impact Assessment Of Planning

The two tides have occurred from 1940's on environmental problem, which took people bitter lessons and made people gradually know about the serious price of destroying environment. The promulgation of National Environmental Policy Act in the U.S. in 1969 established Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) system. In consequence, such a system was also approved in more than 100 countries like Sweden, Canada, Australia and Germany. After many years of study and practice of this issue, human beings gradually learned that traditional approach was faced with limitations in the process of its application. So it is necessary to establish and improve EIA system based on sustainable development. EIA targeting at sustainable development consists of 3 levels of macro, medium and micro impact appraisals. Within the system, appraisal targets like policies, plans, programs, and projects are located in different hierarchies, in which policies assessing environment are macroscopic, plans and programs are medium and projects are microscopic. Such EIA of different hierarchies shall be supplementary, coherent and avoid repetition. Environmental impact assessment of planning is the procedure of analyzing, forecasting and assessing the environmental impact which are likely to occur during weaving planning, because planning is put in practice. Scholars from home and abroad have done a lot of researches and fulfillment. However, we can always find that its work objective is ambiguous and its theoretic support for indicators system is insufficient. Thus, the writer in this dissertation studies the work objective, assessment content and indicators system theoretically and constructing Jilin old base of industry experimentally. The direct work objective has its great significance since it determines assessment target, which consequently determines indictors system. As far as the impact of work objective on assignment details is concerned, the direct objective of environmental impact assessment of planning is originated from a general and ultimate goal for human society (sustainable development). Starting from the fulfillment of indirect work objective, direct objective of environmental impact assessment of planning shall serve to carry out sustainability required by sustainable development, and this objective can be classified as a sustainable exploitation of resources and a lasting maintenance of ecological quality. To determine the assessment content, we should firstly study the impact of strategy on all components within a environmental sustainable development system, secondly pay attention to other economic and social components that will also impact environmental sustainable development. In summary, we should consider the effect of such strategies as policies, plans and programs on environmental sustainable development as key appraisal content and economic, social effects as complementary. Indicators refer to signals reflecting complicated matters or systems, or information revealing features of a system or predicting future occurrences. By taking number as its language, it usually exhibits quantitatively general characteristics of certain social phenomena. Indicator of Environmental impact assessment of planning carries such characteristics as targeting at clients, linking to policy, communicating internally and quantification. The establishment of indicators system shall closely keep in accordance with science,feasibility, sustainable development, independence, relevance, hierarchy, regional policy maintenance, combination of static and dynamic indicators and measurability. Structure model of indicators system for Environmental impact assessment of planning can be concluded as a hierarchic indicators system based on Driving force-Status-Responses (DSR) model, in which indicators can be divided into key indicators and relevant indicators. Furthermore, key indicators can still be divided into, resource and environment indicators. Relevant indicators are composed of economic and social indicators. Driving force indicators are used to describe the impact of strategic application on environment and resources. Status indicators are mainly adopted to show the state of environment and resources; response indicators describe the efforts people make in order to alleviate environmental pollution and fight against resource exhaustion. Hierarchy occurs on Indictors system of Environmental impact assessment of planning which can be provided into objective hierarchy, principle hierarchy and indictors hierarchy. In accordance to the structure model of indicators system for Environmental impact assessment of planning, the writer analyses the construction of Jilin old industry base as an example, Outline of Planning and Constructing is established based on indicators system with the following structures: Objective hierarchy, which ranks the first in the system, is the indicators of a sustainable exploitation of resources and a lasting maintenance of ecological quality (A)。Principle hierarchy, which goes beneath the objective hierarchy, includes the indicators of sustainable exploitation of resources(B1)...