Studies On Isolation, Purification, Physicochemical Characteristics And Biological Activities Of Polysaccharides From Codonopsis Pilosula

Polysaccharide which is the one of major component of Codonopsis pilosula have many kinds of bioactivitys. Most crude polysaccharides were used in pharmacological experiment, the study were seldom carried out on isolation, purification, physicochemical property, structure-function relationship of polysaccharide from Codonopsis pilosula. This paper discussed that optimal parameters of extraction, isolation, purification, physicochemical characteristics of polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosula and their biological activities, such as antioxidation, antifatigue, neural stem cells damnification with Na₂S₂O₃ and glutamic acid, anti-hypoxia effect and so on. of CPP-1-1. The main results were shown as follows:1,Purification and characteristics of polysaccharides from Codonopsis pilosulaBy orthogonal tests, optimal parameters of extraction condition were definited: water temperature was 85-95℃, extract time for 1.0 h, 3 times, solid:liquid was 1:20. Crude polysaccharide (CPP) was obtained from Codonopsis pilosula after removing lipid, monosaccharide and oligosaccharide, extracting polysaccharide with optimal parameters of extraction condition, and precipitating with ethyl alcohol. CPP was purified by DEAE-cellulose, the eluting fractions named CPP-1,CPP-2,CPP-3,CPP-4,CPP-5,CPP-6 in 58.7 %, 6.33 %, 1.33 %, 6.0 %, 6.67 %, 5.33 % yield (of CPP) respectively. CPP-1-1 was obtained after CPP-1 being purified by SepharoseCL-6B column chromatography.CPP-1-1 was homogeneous composition confirmed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and SepharoseCL-6B column chromatography.The Ultraviolet spectrum indicated that there are no protein and nucleic acid in CPP-1-1.The single sugar composition of CPP-1-1 and molar ratio: Complete acid hydrolysis and gas chromatography illustrated that CPP-1-1 was composed of arabinose (Ara), Xylcose (Xyl), mannose (Man) and unknown sugar, that the molar ratio of was Ara:Xyl:Man: unknown sugar =1:1.6:1.2:2.9.Uronic acid content in CPP-1-1 was 3.54 % determined by sulfuric acid-carbazole colorimetry.2,The biological activities of Codonopsis pilosula polysaccharidesAntioxidative effect experiment about the scavenging effect of CPP-1-1 on OH^- and O₂^- were performed. It turned out that CPP-1-1 had no antioxidative effect of scavenging OH^-and O₂^-.The screening results showed that CPP-1-1 can induce a little differentiation of PC12 cell and had quiet neurotrophic activity.CPP-1-1 was applied to mice to studies the effects on antifatigue. The results showed that CPP-1 had a quiet effect on enhancing the reserves of muscle and liver glycogen, increasing lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activity before and after exercise. Decreasing the content of rise in blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and accelerating the scavenging rate of BUN after strenuous exercise.The study of anti-hypoxia activity suggested the neural stem cells damage of test groups were alleviated, the cells death rate and LDH leakage of high concentration test group were significantly lower than those of Na₂S₂O₃ and glutamic acid group. CPP-1-1 has remarkable protective effect on neural stem cells damaged by Na₂S₂O₃ and glutamic acid .The study of anoxic resistance to mice showed that CPP-1-1 that a remarkable effect on enhancing the ability of anoxic resistance.