Study On Extraction And Purification Technology And Stability Of β-Carotene From Carrot

Carrot (Daucus carom L.) is biennial herbs in the Daucus of Umbelliferaefamily, it holds an important position in the world vegetable, which mostly covered inEurope and Asia, especially in China and Russia. Carrot enjoys the fame as the "smallginseng", and has a high nutritional, health care and medical value. Carrot is very rich incarotene, itsβ-carotene content is one of all the vegetables containing high carotene.βcarotene is the root of V_A, That is to say, it can be changed into V_A when it isabsorbed into the body, it is a valuable nutrient having anticancer effect on the body, andused to be used as a very important food additives in some fruit and health carebeverage development. So extractingβ-carotene by the greatest extent from carrot,purification and commercial process of it are a key link in comprehensive developmentand utilization of carrot. If we can, the added value of carrot product will bedramatically improved.The test used carrot dry powder as material, mostly researched the extractionmethod of solvent, microwave and enzyme. The optimal parameters of these threeextraction methods was identified by single factor and orthogonal experiment, at thesame time, these three methods were compared. On the other hand, Coarse goods ofβ-carotene was purified by macroporous resin and the purification parameters wasdetermined by single factor experiment. The effect of ray, heat, preservative and usualmetal ions to stability ofβ-carotene was also researched.The main results showed:1. The optimal parameters of solvent extraction from carrot were as following:solvent was solution mixture of ethyl acetate and ethanol(V/V; 2:1), material/solutionratio 1:10; extracting 120min, at 50℃, for two times. The extracting rate reached90.4%.2. The optimal parameters by microwave extraction were as following: solvent wassolution mixture of ethyl acetate and ethanol(V/V; 2:1), microwave radiate power480W (P-60) , extracting 40s, material/solvent ratio 1:10, for four times. Theextracting rate reached 77.5%.3. The optimal parameters by enzyme extraction were as following: solvent wassolution mixture of ethyl acetate and ethanol(V/V; 2:1), compound enzyme ofcellulose and pectinase in the same buffer treated the samples, The optimal parameters of cellulose were as following: at 55℃; pH value 4.6; catalyzing 180min;enzymecontent 0.7%;The optimal parameters of pectinase were as following: at 55℃; pH value4.6; catalyzing 60min;enzyme content 12%. The extracting rate reached 99.8%.4. HPD-300 macroporous resin had good performance of adsorption ability andde-adsorption toβ-carotene. The optimal parameters of purification toβ-carotenewere as following: the bestadsorption temperature was 30℃, feeding rate 3mL/min andconcentration of feed 5mg/mL; The best elution solvent was acetone, at 40℃,elute rate1.0mL/min.5. The stability test ofβ-carotene showed:β-carotene had inferior stability tolight, heat; usual preservative(sodium benzoic acid), Na⁺, K⁺ of metal icon with valenceof1 and their concentration change had little influence on stability ofβ-carotene; Inicon with valence of2, Cu²⁺ had great influence on stability ofβ-carotene, Fe²⁺ andZn²⁺ came next, and Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ were the smallest ones, the effect of Cu²⁺wasimproved with the increase in concentration, the change in concentration of other metalicons had very little effect on stability ofβ-carotene. In icon with valence of3, A1³⁺had little influence, but Fe³⁺ had strong effect on stability ofβ-carotene. In experiment,the strong effect of Cu²⁺ and Fe³⁺ on stability ofβ-carotene might relate to the strongoxidation of two metal icons.