Comparative Study On The Capacity For Sustainable Development Of The Five Provinces And Cities

Economic globalization and regional economic integration are the main trends of worlddevelopment. Economic globalization promotes the industrial division and spatial concentration, then industry clustering further drives the process of urbanization and intensive urban-agglomeration's forming.when urban-agglomeration develops to a mature stage,metropolitan-area forms. Metropolitan-area has become the main form of regional economic integration.Metropolitan-area is the important fulcrum in the regional development strategies in China,and has become an important indicator of the level of a country and regional economic and social development.The capacity for sustainable development of the Metropolitan-area has become the determinants of a country and regional capacity for sustainable development.In the process of 30 years of reformand opening up,The Pearl River Delta Metropolitan-area,the Yangtze River Delta Metropolitan-area and the Bohai Metropolitan-area,with good location advantage and production factors, which rise to the three major Metropolitan-area,have become the leader and the vane in the national economic development. Among the three Metropolitan-area, following the Pearl River Delta Metropolitan-area and the Yangtze River Delta Metropolitan-area,the Bohai Metropolitan-area led by Beijing-Tianjin is rising to the"third pole"of the national economic development in the north.Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei,Shandong and Liaoning,which are distributed around the Bohai Sea,are very important in the Bohai Metropolitan-area.A good development environment home ang abroad provides the unprecedented opportunities for these five provinces led by Beijing-Tianjin.Beijing,Tianjin,Hebei,Shandong and Liaoning are at the heart of the Bohai Metropolitan-area.The capacity for sustainable development of the five provinces is on behalf of the one of the Bohai Metropolitan-area.Thus the comparative study on the capacity for sustainable development of the five provinces is of great significance for the Bohai Metropolitan-area and other metropolitan-area's analysis.With the intensification of contradictions of the population,resources,environment and economic development,theory of regional development has changed from the pursuit of regional economic growth in the traditional development theory to search for regional sustainable development.The study of the metropolitan-area also should shift to the research of the regional coordinated development at a new starting point.The comparative study on the capacity for sustainable development of the five provinces is at the level of sustainable development analysis.It's important for promoting theoretical research of the metropolitan-area,in particular the research at the level of sustainable development.Shandong Province has its own special advantages in the five provinces.Throughestablishment of evaluation index syatem for capacity for sustainable development and analysis of the five provinces' capacity for sustainable development,we analyse the strengths and weaknesses of the five provinces in the prosess of sustainable development. It's in favorof Shandong Province and other provinces' economic development planning and better guidance to regional capacity-building for sustainable development. It will enhance regional capacity for sustainable development.In this thesis, the combination approach of theoretical research and empirical studies, qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis are combined.The thesis is mainly divided into four major sections.The first part has analyzed the current state of regional development of the five provinces from the economic scale and growth, economic structure and the evolution of trends, the level of industrialization and urbanization, the development trend of the standard of living, the ecological environment and natural resources.The second part has used literature survey and frequency statistics. Under the premise that the target data can be collected , through analysis, target, filter, adjustment and improvement the statistical results, the evaluation index system of the capacity for sustainable development is constructed from the capacity of economic development, the capacity of social supportment, the capacity of resources and environment supportment, the capacity of institutional environment supportment.By principal component analysis and hierarchy analysis , it successively determine the targer weight of the the subsystem of capacity for sustainable development and the the system of capacity for sustainable development. Then it build the regional capacity for sustainable development assessment model. From an analysis of different aspects, it has explored the evaluation criteria of the capacity for sustainable development.In the third part, It hae used the capacity for sustainable development assessment model to determine the capacity for sustainable development of the five provinces in 2002-2006.It has draw composite index and ranked their capacity for sustainable development. Then it analyzed the thends of their capacity for sustainable development in the past five years. It comparatively analyzed the indicators of the capacity for sustainable development from four aspects and identified the advantages and disadvantages of various provinces in regional capacity-building for sustainable development, based on development economics, sustainable development economics, regional economics and other related theoretical results.The main conclusion is: Over the five years,the capacity for sustainable development of five provinces is in a better situation on the overall status and in a overall upward trend of positive development.The capacity for sustainable development consistents with the gradient level of economic and social development. Beijing and Tianjin is not oniy the economic development dual-core of Bohai Metropolitan-area, but also the strongest region in capacity for sustainable development.They has entered a phase of strong sustainable development and their capacity for sustainable development has reached the advanced level. Compared with Beijing and Tianjin, Shandong and Liaoning leg with a larger gap. They are still in the middle phase of the intermediate sustained stage and their capacity for sustainable development is in the intermediate level. The capacity for sustainable development of Hebei is the weakest in the five provinces and is just continues to the stage near the middle class , whose capacity for sustainable development is just to achieve the intermediate level.In the fourth part, it has deepened the understanding of the capacity for sustainable development through the comparative study: The capacity for sustainable development is the potential capacity that a specific system based on the principle of sustainable development achieve the ideal goal of sustainable development. Based on the physics opinion of the kinetic energy and potential energy, we hold that the capacity for sustainable development is equivalent to the potential energy of system and the level for sustainable development is equivalent to the kinetic energy of system. The capacity for sustainable development is on behalf of the system's potential and trends to achieve sustainable development, when the level for sustainable development is on behalf of the reality to achieve sustainable development. The capacity for sustainable development itself is a comlex function of the subsystems, which is a complex system constituted by economic, society, resources , environment and institution. Only when the subsystems coordinatively develop, it will enable the capacity for sustainable development relatively largest. Based on the research of the five provinces in the third part , the conclusion is : the capacity for sustainable development of the five provinces grades obviously. Beijing and Tianjin whose supportting ability of economic, social and institutional are relatively stronger, is obviously insufficient in supportting ability of resources and environment. Hebei whose supportting ability of resources and environment have a good foundation , lags far behind the other four provinces in economic, social and institutional supportting ability. Shandong is in the lower-middle level in the composite index score of the four subsystems,whose subsystems develop more balanced, but its advantage is not obvious, especially in the economic subsystem. Liaoning's capacity for economic, social and institutional subsystem is at the lower level of the five provinces, but its supportting ability of resources and environment is very strong. Finally, it has described the existence of inadequate research and the future research that needs to be improved.