Research On The Application Of Gini Coefficient In Total Water Waste Load Allocation In The Upper And Middle Yellow River Basin

Recently, with the rapid economic development in China, the problems on water pollution become more and more serious, especially quality-induced water shortage has become a bottleneck of socio-economic sustainable development in many regions. So how to improve water environment management is especially important. Water environment capacity as the cornerstone of water environment management has the fundamental importance to total waste-load control in a region. In the process of water environment protection, total water waste-load allocation is an essential and indispensable part in water environment management, it is not only the core of total waste-load control, but the starting point in implementing total load control. Therefore, how to distribute total water waste-load scientifically and reasonably is the key to implementing water environment management. However, nowadays, water environment capacity as a kind of environmental resources becomes more and more scarce. How to distribute total water waste-load reasonably is not only a very important technical problem, but also is the important and difficult work on environmental protection in the next step. From the current technology of water waste-load allocation in domestic and foreign, this technology still exists a variety of problems, it affects the whole process of total water waste-load control. Therefore, this paper set up a viable scheme on water waste-load allocation, based on maximize fairness on water load allocation, combining equity and efficiency.This paper was based on the analysis of a variety of the model of water load allocation, analyzed of the characteristics and constraint factors in current method of water pollutant load allocation, defined the purpose of this research was to construct a new method of total load allocation, giving consideration to equity and efficiency, and being easy to implement. The specific method was as follows:this paper introduced Gini coefficient used in economy field to water waste load allocation. A equitable and rational system of environmental Gini coefficient indexes was constructed by analyzing the natural and socio-economic factors of each region synthetically, which consisted of typical indexes of population, GDP, land area and environmental capacity. Then the status quo of pollutant emissions in each region and the Lorenz curves based on four indexes have been drawn and calculated respectively. In an attempt to minimize the difference in equity among various regions, a single-objective optimization model combining with constraint method was established, which took the minimization of summation of four environmental Gini coefficients as the objective function. After optimizing and adjusting, we obtained the solution to water waste load allocation taking fairness and benefit into account. Finally, this total load allocation method was used in water waste load allocation in the upper and middle Yellow River basin.In a word, in an attempt to solve the difficulty of taking equity into account for current methods on water waste-load allocation, we provided a new method on water waste-load allocation, and proposed a model on water waste-load allocation based on maximize fairness and taking benefit into account by selecting the appropriate Indexes based on this idea, the final scheme of distribution well conforms to the actual situation of each region in the premise of meeting equity, so it improves the operation of allocation scheme in implementation, and provided a scientific basis on water waste-load allocation in the upper and middle Yellow River basin.