Research On Fiber-Forming And Refinning Technology Of Bamboo Fiber For Textile Application

For the past few years,people pay more attention to living environment with the development of society and technology.Environmentally friendly and naturalized science and technology has been the most concerned theme.As to textile industry,chemical fiber has been limited by oil shortage and technogenic contamination,which forces people to turn their attention to natural plant fiber once again.With no doubt,bamboo fiber which is called green fiber is favored to be most promising.China has abundant bamboo resource with species of 500 and planting area over 4,200,000 hectares.Besides used in slab,paper making,furniture making,bamboo fiber has become a new utilization of bamboo culm.After degumming under physical and biochemistry process,most of the non-cellulose substance has been removed and bamboo fiber was then made.As a native cellulose fibre,bamboo fiber is characterized by fine moisture absorption,excellent bacteria resistantce and anti-ultraviolet radiation characteristic.Many researchers have worked on the processing and properties of bamboo fiber,but there is still no mature and industrialized technology for bamboo fiber preparing.Based on serveral important issues found during processing and researching,four respects of bamboo fiber were discussed in the paper:(1)Relocation of bamboo fiber in textile fiber classification system from the angle of botanyThe difference of bamboo culm and bast fibre stalks was first analysed in aspect of botany taxonomy,anatomical structure,classification characteristic.Bamboo fiber was then located in a modified classification system based on the preliminary cognition.What's bamboo fiber were answered.(2) Analysis on bamboo anatomical structure and fibre-forming feasibilityAnatomical structure of bamboo culm specializing in fibre bundle content and dimension were investigated by image analysis to show the fibre-forming feasibility.Chemical analysis indicated the variation of composition in different region of bamboo culm.Both of results were used to instruct the fiber preparing process.(3) Investigation in bamboo fiber testing methodBamboo fiber testing method including length,fineness,intensity and residual gum and lignin content were suggested according to the analysis of bamboo fiber properties and testing problems.(4) Study on the refinning technology by biological enzymeNew fiber degumming and pulping technology,including laccase/mediator system(LMS) and complex enzyme were used in the refining processing for making finer bamboo fibers.Single factor and orthogonal test in different testing conditions showed the best technics of biological enzyme refining.Questions of 'what's bamboo fiber' 'how to test it' 'how to make it',which are of great importance in bamboo fiber preparing,has been explored in our research.These works may of some help to the further research.Although there is still great difficult in the processing,we believe that bamboo fiber will be used widely producing great economic and environmental benefit.