Studies On Spunlace Technology And Performance Of Basalt Fiber Composite Filter Material

In recent years, basalt fiber receives much concern. China encouraged to deveop basalt fiber, carbon fiber, aramird and ultrahigh molecular weight pplyethylene fiber as the four high-performance fibers. Basalt fiber's comprehensive performance is very excellent, which is fit for for making filter material. Its excellent high temperature performance, chemical stability and antistatic properties play important roles in the area of filter material. On the above basis, this topic discussed about the feasibility and performance of the final product of reinforcing basalt fiber filter material using spunlace process to replace the original needle process.The main topic is to develop a new type of high-temperature basalt fiber composite filter material. The main contents are as follows. First, the property of basalt fiber is researched such as strength, elongation, density, lineat density, high-temperature performance, structure and cross section. Second, it was found that 100% of the basalt fiber can't form a continuous fibernetwork by a large number of exploring experiments. So we chose basalt fiber mixed with aramid 1313 whose mixing ration is 50/50 by airlaid. In that case, the effect of forming fiber network is better. This topic obtained three different surface density of the fiber network by airlaid. Third, this paper's key points are to research that how spunlace pressure, spunlace times and convey speed affect the final performance of their products. The experimental results are as follows.â‘ With the decrease of convey speed and the increase of spunlace times and spunlace pressure, the thickness of the fiber network is gradually reduced. However, when the spunlace pressure is beyond 200bar, the thickness of the fiber network is somewhat increased duo to the presence of water retention and the fold effect on the fiber network surface.â‘¡With the increase of spunlace pressure, vertical and horizontal breaking strength firstly increased and then decreased. We found that the bigger the surface density is, the higher the beaking strength is. At the same time, it was also found that the breaking strength of the lower surface density of sample declined even faster when the spunlace pressure is very high. When spunlace times is less than 4, fiber within the fiber network is tangled well, the damage of basalt fiber is very small, and it's more benifical to improve the strength of network.â‘¢With the increase of the spunlace pressure accumulation of fiber in the fiber network is more close, so that the premeability and porosity of the fiber network is lower, pore size is smaller and the filter efficiency of fiber on tiny dust particles is higher. But when the pressure was too large, basalt fiber had the phenomenon of fracture and the degree of unwrapping, which lead to larger permeability.â‘£Due to large proportion, no crimp and brittleness of basalt fiber, spunlace times and convey speed's effect on basalt fiber composite filter material is somewhat inconsistent compared with conwentional materials. We learned from the experiment that the spunlace times should be less and convey speed should be higher. Fourth, we researched the spunlace reinforcement principle and the entanglement mechanism between fiber and fiber of fabric. At the same time, we analyzed that characteristics of reinforcing high-density fiber network by spunlace. Fifth, we designed the orthogonal erperiment, whose impact factors are spunlace pressure, spunlace times and convey speed, correspondingly reference indicators are breaking strength, average pore size, permeability, filtration efficiency. The best process parameters are: spunlace pressure 100bar, convey speed 10m/min, spunlace times 2.Spunlace reinforcing basalt fiber composite filter material has a certain significance. Compared with needle process, the surface of material is more smooth and flat, pore size distribution is more close and filtration efficient is higher. In the case of reasonable spunlace technology parameter settings, the damage of fiber and fabric is small, strength and permeability is higher compared with needle non-woven fabric, and to some extent, it can save the fiber amount..