Study On Environmental Approach Of Urban Water System Planning And Its Application

With the rapid development of urbanization, people pay more and more attention on urban water system. Urban water system,the combination of natural and artificial parts of city,can meet urban residents'desire for nature and plays a significant role in urban development. Scientific and rational urban water system planning can optimize the distribution of urban resources, improve the urban environment, enhance urban functions and competitiveness, and contribute to sustainable development of cities.At present, the problems of traditional urban water system planning have caused concern of scholars home and abroad. The development and evolution of the city water system was analyzed in this paper. The important role urban water system played in urban development was demonstrated by the discussion of the functions the ancient urban water system and the modern urban water system owned and relationship between water and city. The theory and practice related to urban water system planning were analyzed and studied in this paper, including urban water ecosystem theory, landscape ecology and ecological restoration theory. And Environmental approach was proposed based on the analysis and study. Environmental approach is a methodology, including the thought of environmental system, the analysis of environmental science and environmental-friendly technical measures. Environmental approach was proposed in the situation of lots of environmental problems and a serious decline in environmental quality. It is an approach of sustainable development. Environmental approach of urban water system planning is the methodology of applying environmental approach to the urban water system planning, including three levels: construction of urban water ecosystem, GIS-based pattern analysis and ecological restoration measures. Then a theoretical system was formed on the basis of the theoretical framework of environmental approach of urban water system planning, and the elaboration of the analysis methods of three levels.Environmental approach of urban water system planning was applied to the case of Hengshui water system planning in this paper. Through constructing water ecosystem of Hengshui combined by water system pattern and function, and using GIS to analyze water security pattern, water resources pattern, water environment attern, water landscape pattern, water cultural pattern and water economic pattern, we found out that the principal contradiction of Hengshui's water system was that the level of the water resources and water environment can't meet the needs of ascending water landscape, water culture and water economy. In view of this principal contradiction, Hengshui water system planning measures were proposed combined with technology and comprehensive utilization of water resources planning. Environmental approach of urban water system planning played a significant role in guiding the planning.