Research On Subjective Evaluation Of Driver 's Risk Consciousness

The traffic accidents are often due to the differences between the drivers’subjective and objective risk evaluation. The drivers’ default judgment of risk will lead to the erroneous driving behavior, and ultimately become an important cause of traffic accidents. Therefore, the study for the driver’s risk consciousness is helpful for clarifying its differences and impacts, which will provide theoretical basis for improving the drivers’risk consciousness, and it has very important practical significance for the drivers’ comprehensive abilities and the prevention of traffic accidents.Based on the study of a large number of relevant domestic and foreign literatures, the driving behavior questionnaires were emended; with expert consultations and literature synthesis methods, the questionnaires based on the subjective evaluation of driver risk consciousness based on risk driving scenarios were worked out including three dimensions of drivers’risk perception scale on the motor vehicles, no motor vehicles and pedestrians risk; four dimensions of risk attitude scales for speed, traffic accidents, illegal and attitudes of using the unsafe driving vehicle; four dimensions of risk tolerance scale as well as to the violation of the rules, the risk of bad weather, physical discomfort and tolerates for the automotive equipment’s fault; By using random sampling method,228questionnaires were completed, and the test results are analyzed by reliability test, validity test and project test. The analysis results showed that the driver’s risk awareness questionnaires were of good reliability, validity, and discrimination.By risk perception, risk attitude and risk tolerance as indicators, the subjective evaluation index system of driving risk consciousness were constructed. In order to get the weight of1st level indicators for driver’s risk consciousness evaluation system and the2nd level index, the method of factor analysis was used to determine the weight of every index driver’s consciousness for risk evaluation system. According to the driver’s risk consciousness evaluation system and1st or2nd levels of weight, the driver’s risk consciousness evaluation model was constructed.Based on questionnaires on driving behavior and risk awareness collected from188samples, further analysis on risk and driving behavior were conducted. According to the relevant analysis, the result indicated that driving behavior was positively correlated to risk awareness and risk attitude, and was negatively correlated to risk tolerance. Then regression analysis on driving behavior and risk awareness was conducted, thus regression model with risk awareness, risk attitude and risk tolerance was realized. Then classification on driver subjective risk evaluation was done. The result showed that driver’s risk awareness were mostly qualified, but still with much space for improvement. Education and training on risk awareness should be strengthened. The relevant analysis indicated that there was strong relation between driving behavior and risk awareness, DBQ could serve to test questionnaire on risk awareness. Differentiation analysis based on personality and demographic variables were conducted, we found that introverted stable personality was obviously better than extraversion stable and extraversion unstable type, female was better the male. As the driving duration increase, the driver’s risk awareness become better. The higher the drivers’ education level, the better their risk awareness levels.