The Research On The Character Of Safe Evacuation In High-rise Building Fires

On the base of analyzing the existing safe evacuation simulated models in and out of China and their shortage, this paper establishes the more reasonable mathematical model of safe evacuation prediction, combining the fire character of high-rise buildings and the behavior character of people evacuation. The author presents a more reasonable calculating method for the time of people's safe egress in building fires. The calculating time of people safe evacuation in high-rise buildings is more accurate.1．Through analyzing the heat transfer principle of temperature sensor fire detector, the author establishes its mathematical model of heat transfer which considers the effect of radiation heat transfer, and presents a new calculating method for the response time. When the environment temperature is lower and the response temperature is set higher, the calculating results show that the effect of radiation heat transfer to response time can't be neglected, the conclusion can help to appraise fire safety and design alarm system.2．According to the network control principle, the author presents a new method for compartmentalizing every space node in escape action routes, and regards the compartmental space node as tiny space, then establishes the more reasonable mathematical model of forecasting safe evacuation movement time. The author presents a type of action routes of "L" shape to describe the circumstance that occupants travel in the room, and calculates the facts that occupants assemble at the exit of the room. Moreover, the author adopts a means, that the escape paths are compartmentalized into many cell nodes and every cell's length is " vΔT ", to simulate the movement of occupants in escape paths such as corridors and stairs reasonably. 3．The author works out software to calculate the time of evacuation movement. The software has several convenient characteristics such as visual operation, interactive mode, dynamic inquiry, etc. This article not only provides scientific and rational methods for appraisement of fire safety to fire protection engineer, but also offers a reliable reference to design building and smoke control system.