Description Of Western Landscape Architecture Effected By Modern Philosophy And Aesthetics

The rapid development of Landscape Architecture in our country in recent years makes more and more people pay attention to Western Landscape Architecture, which naturally brings a urgent task as unscrambling the various presentation of modern Landscape Architecture works and seek for the inner design concepts and theories.To do these researches, we must turn to two supports in contemporary theories, philosophy and aesthetics. In 20th century, the two theories represent as the collision and blending of two tide: humanism and scientism, accompanied with turning from rational to irrational and from methodology to linguistic.Seeing from the aspect of developing process, Western Landscape Architecture has experienced three stages: (1) the exploring period. In this phase, the early Modern Art in Europe and Art Nouveau lead to a reform in the aesthetic taste and configuration of landscape; the park planning in Europe and America opens the door to science for the modern Landscape Architecture. (2) The widely employing stage. From the California garden form in 20s and 30s, to the rapid expanding Landscape Architecture industry in 50s and 60s, different styles and genres established in different countries, while all these genres show these same characters as anti-tradition and emphasizing on rational design of space and function. (3) After modernism stage. On one side, ecological idea grows into a main branch from 60s to 80s; on the other side, the irrational tide helps to a multi-development in Landscape Architecture.We also learn three factors when seeing from the aspect that what influences the Landscape Architecture design: the modern art and aesthetic taste, the science and technology and the modern philosophy.The development of Modern Art brings forth the multi-orientation and individualism of the aesthetic value and taste, which unfold itself thoroughly before us in various landscape architecture works. The early abstract art provides rich resources to create new form of landscape architecture, and later after-modernism landscape architecture directly involved with the evolution of art and present in different styles such as POP Art, minimalism and Land Art etc.The rationalism of philosophy of science and modernism urges the landscape architecture focuses on space and function of the design, and ecological idea plays more and more important role after 1960s. The booming of information technology provides material foundation for the scientific landscape architecture; new stuff and newtechnology enrich the design approach greatly.Linguistic turning philosophy investigate into how to express the essence of the world that we understand, this makes landscape architecture focus more on the real meaning behind the apparent art form and technologies. A series of new landscape architecture methodology come into being in the process of the investigation: phenomenology, semeiology, mysticism, structuralism, deconstruction etc. Many western designers contribute a lot to the research from 1970s till now.In this thesis, the author gives a lot of example from the representative designer, which make the argumentation more convincing.