| This dissertation based on Great Technique Start-up Foundation Item "TheStudy on Technique of the Foundational Transportation Information Collection andFusion"and National Science Foundation Item "Study on crucial Theoretical andmethod of intelligent highway traffic incident surveillance system"etc.The road traffic safety is already one of focuses in the world, and the trafficincident not only has adverse effect on life, but also results in serious economicloss to the whole society. Establishment of road traffic safety information system,which is special for the analysis and evaluation of the road traffic safety in China,is the most effective method to improve the safety condition of road traffic incurrent China. Based on the retrospect of the history and the current research ofroad traffic safety, this dissertation applies the Geographical Information Systemsto the area concerning road traffic safety and develops the road traffic safetyinformation system on the basement of GIS. Such system overcomes theshortcomings countered in the analysis of traffic safety previously, such as lack ofinformation about geography, poor of visualization, outdated technologies ofdissertation description and information management, and so on; therefore, it is amore reasonable and effective tool to analyze the road traffic safety.The information concerning road traffic safety mainly includes such as human,vehicle, road, environment and other factors relevant to traffic safety. Thedetermination of the span of road traffic safety information acts as the fundament toestablish the GIS-RTSIS database and implement the system's functions. After thedetermination of the key components of GIS-RTSIS's information, therequirements of all kind users and of the software's features are analyzed. Clientswho use the system may be mainly classified as group users and individual user,the former mainly refers to road traffic managers, road designers, road constructionand maintenance practitioners, the planners and researchers of road traffic etc; thelatter mainly refers to drivers, travelers, and passengers etc. The differentrequirement of these users and the software's different features decide the differentdesign of the systematical functions.Based on the analysis of the system's requirement and resorting to theuniversal software development methods, the basic functions, systematicalframework and specific development mode of GIS-RTSIS are determinedcombining with the integrate method of object-oriented software's development.The basic functions of GIS-RTSIS mainly include the collection and managementfunction of the key information components, function of common queries andanalyses, integrated analysis function of road traffic safety, the dissemination anddisplay function of road traffic safety information. GIS-RTSIS consists of foursubsystems-that is, the subsystem of information's collection and manipulation,the subsystem of the information's management and maintenance, the informationhandling technologies'application, and the subsystem of system functions'implement, among which data stream is organized through standard interface totransmit and share information. The secondary development method is integrated inthe system, and the software special for GIS (e.g. Maplnfo, MapX, ArcView etc)and visualized development tools (e.g. Delphi, Visual Basic, Power Builder etc) areadopted as development environment to achieve the basic functions of GIS. During the development and the research of GIS-RTSIS, The dissertation hasresearched carefully the crucial technologies that include mainly the road trafficsafety Multi-dimensional information management, the designation and realizationof system database, the line reference system method, the dynamic segmentationand the traffic accident black spot analysis technologies. The purpose of the roadtraffic safety Multi-dimensional information management technology is to organizeand express the road traffic safety Multi-dimensional information by usingmultidimensional data model to offer the analysis basis for road traffic safe analysis.Realization and the establishment of GIS-RTSIS database are the foundation thatsupports systematic normal operation, in which the store and access of the trafficaccident data is the key. Therefore this dissertation has put forward the dataseparating management form for the traffic accident data. The linear reference anddynamic segmentation can realize the function of search and show based on linearanalysis, which was used to the location of traffic accidents on traffic map and toanalyze the road traffic safe information dynamically. The domestic andinternational traffic accident black spot analysis technologies include mainly theaccident frequently method, the accident rate method, the accident relative numbermethod, the quality control method and the accumulation frequency method. Thedissertation has put forward the traffic accident black spot analysis method basedon GIS on the basis of the above traffic accident black spot analysis technologies.
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