Finite Element Analysis And Validation For All Steel Radial Tire

The tire is an important part of vehicle ,whose function is to support the weight of vehicle,cushion the vehicle over surface irregularities,provide sufficient traction for driving and braking,and provide steering control and direction stability.Because the tire is very complexite, the study on its mechanical property is based on some theories and experiment data, in recent years, finite element method had been more and more used for the research of tire mechanical properties.The finite element model for the tire is a model that can describe tire structure in detail, and it includes structure factor ,the distribution of material, the property of material,and the boundary. When building the model, the following factors are taken in to accounted: the nonlinearity of geometry, the nonlinearity of rubber material, the nonlinearity of contact. In the model ,we define layers of reinforcement in surface elements for belts,and define distributing force on inside of the tire for the effect of inflation.The finite element model of all steel radial tire 11.00R20 has been made using HyperMesh and ABAQUS. HyperMesh is used to mesh the cross-section of tire, and the data of elements and nodes will be exported with ABAQUS input file format, in which the finite element model of the tire can be made.According to the actual structure of all steel radial tire,we use 10 kinds of material to consist of the finite element model of the tire, such as tread, sidewall, shoulder, inner-liner, filler etc,and 7 kinds of layers of reinforcement. Considering the symmetry of tire,we build 2D model first ,and build 3D model by revolving the 2D model.Since the road is evry hard,we define the road as rigid body.The reference point is used to control the motion of road.According to actual condition, assembling rim will be simulated first, which makes bead in working position by using'shrink', and then simulates inflation by putting on distribution force on inner surface of elements. By using three dimension inflation tire modal. We can complete vertical deformation analysis, longitudinal shift analysis, lateral shift analysis and turning analysis, and analyze the variety of normal stress and shape of contact patch with different vertical load.The property of tire in steady state whose input variables are not dependent on time, is the basis of the study on property of tire in non-steady state. A steady-state rolling analysis is performed by using steady-state transport in ABAQUS/Standard. The steady-state transport analysis capability in ABAQUS/Standard uses a reference frame that is attached to the axle of the rotating cylinder. An observer in this frame sees the cylinder as points that are not moving, although the material of which the cylinder is made is moving through those points. This removes the explicit time dependence from the problem—the observer sees a fixed point anywhere, with material moving through it. Thus, the finite element mesh describing the cylinder in this frame of reference does not undergo the large rigid body spinning motion. When using the steady-state transport analysis ,we only have to minish the finite element mesh in contact patch with road.The tire's steady state property has been analyzed in this thesis, such as the relationship of longitudinal force and slip ratio, lateral force and slip angle, self-aligning torque and slip angle, lateral force and camber.The modal property of the tire has also been analyzed.Comparing the simulation result to the test data,we can conclude the finite element model is right and usefull.