Study On The Impact Of Urban Rail Transit On Land Use

At present, the traffic jams in the urban road becomes increasingly serious, and lots of troubles occurs with the dramatically increasingly in private cars. Many metropolis expect to improving transport condition by constructing urban rail transit. Until 2005, there are 10 metropolis having constructed urban rail transit, such as Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen .etc, and the length of rail transit lines reaches 500km. Nowadays, about 20 projects of rail transit are under constructing, aggregate investment is more than 110 billion. It is obvious that investment of constructing urban rail transit is large. Meanwhile, urban rail transit creates business chances for land agents and increases real estate price along the rail transit lines. But the benefits brought by urban rail transit's development are only enjoyed by land agents without any contribution to sustainable development of urban rail transit. Additionally, urban rail transit is immovable estate whose impacts on land use styles and urban space structure is tremendous, once being built, it is hard to be changed or rebuilt. Therefore, researching on the impact of urban rail transit on land use can provide reference to coordinating development of urban rail transit and land use.Study on the impact of urban rail transit on land use in this paper is based on relationship between urban rail transit and land use. Firstly, analyzes the effect of urban rail transit on changing adjacent land use kinds and enhancing exploitation intensity qualitatively, concludes that there are two functions of urban rail transit on urban space structure, they are congregate function and diffusive function, expatiates on principle of effect of urban rail transit on land price and real estate price. Based on it, finds out the model suiting this study by compared different models utilized in foregone studies. During the practical process, chooses the factors which can reflect relationship between urban rail transit and land use as variables, in order to avoid emphasizing unilateral effect and eliminating the effect of real estate's self-characters, evaluates the effect of urban rail transit on real estate reasonably. Finally, combined with the effect of land use on urban rail transit's passenger volume and operational status, puts forward some suggestions for coordinating development of urban rail transit and land use.Six chapters are used to describe the details in this paper and now each chapter title and its main contents will be introduced respectively.1. The purpose and significance of the research, the current research status in domestic and foreign countries, the development trends of research, contents and methods being studied, and so on, are introduced in the fist chapter.2. At first, the definition and characters of urban rail transit are introduced in the second chapter. Then detailing introduce of basic location theory is given. Finally, the mutual feedback relationship between urban rail transit and land use is described.3. In the third chapter, the effect of urban rail transit on changing adjacent land use kinds and enhancing exploitation intensity are analyzed qualitatively, the effect of unban rail transit on urban space structure from aspects of congregate function and diffusive function is introduced, the principle of effect of urban rail transit on land price and real estate price is described, and the methods how to define the influenced regions of urban rail transit are introduced primarily.4. The purpose of evaluating the effect of urban rail transit on real estate price in researching on the impact of urban rail transit on land use is given, five kinds of factors which influence real estate price are analyzed. Then, the model suiting this study is found out through comparing different models utilized in foregone studies.5. In the case study part, the effect of light railway line No.3 in Changchun on adjacent land use is analyzed qualitatively, the model of defining the influenced regions along urban rail transit line is provided by considering residents'revealed preference, and the influenced regions along light railway line No.3 in Changchun is confirmed. On the basis of it, the incremental value of real estate is calculated by using Hedonic Price Model, and some suggestions for coordinating development of urban rail transit and land use is put forward.The main results of this paper are as follows:1. The conclusion that there are two main functions of urban rail transit on urban space structure—congregate function and diffusive function is reached. The congregate function is reflected by strengthening primary CBD's commercial and financial status, prompting sub-CBD,commercial and residential corridor's appearing. The diffusive function is reflected by exploiting new area and promoting multi-ply CBD's appearing.2. According to the picture of 2003's land use kinds in"Comprehensive plan of Changchun City (2005~2020)"and geographic information collected by Google earth, the picture of adjacent land use kinds from Nanhu Station to Exhibition Center Stasion after light railway line No.3 being constructed completely by Transcad is drawn.3. The model of defining the influenced regions along urban rail transit line is provided by considering residents'revealed preference, the influenced regions along light railway line No.3 in Changchun is defined in theory. The influenced regions along urban rail transit line is considered to be related with normal transit's service level which is decided by trip distance, trip time, cost, and it is suggested that calibrating the model by considering residents'revealed preference is more advanced.4. The incremental value of real estate is calculated by using Hedonic Price Model, during this process, some factors which can reflect relationship between urban rail transit and land use are chosen as variables, such as traffic volume .etc. The result proves that though there is negative effect of urban rail transit on real estate price increment, the positive effect of urban rail transit on real estate price increment takes the dominant part in total.5. Some deficiencies in the process of coordinating urban rail transit and adjacent land use are indicated through analyzing the effect of land use on the passenger volume of light railway line No.3 and operational status, and some suggestions for coordinating development of urban rail transit and land use are put forward.