Research On Charging And Regenerative Technology Of Lead-Acid Battery

Lead-acid batteries have been the most widely applied secondary battery. They are important equipments, which have been adopted in application of locomotives and vehicles, limited by technology. Many traditional charging methods such as constant voltage, constant voltage with current limitation, constant current and etc are mainly adopted. Those charging methods fail to follow the internal physical and chemical laws of battery, and result in serious overcharge and gas-generation, and resulting in low-efficiency, time-consuming and prone-to-damage of the charging operation. Therefore, a new charging technology which can improve energy efficiency, speed up the rate of charge and repair the damaged lead-acid battery charging is particularly important,In this paper, the author aims at finding a new method which used the technical advances and latest fruits in power electronics technology, experimental data analysis and numerical control technology applications such as MCU. It strives to optimize the progress of lead-acid rechargeable batteries regeneration and the technical diagram. In writing the dissertation, the author has done her work on the following aspects:A wide study on the electrochemical mechanism of lead-acid battery. Based on a number of charging and discharging experiments, a thought is put forward that the polarization may be detected according to the terminal voltages at charging, terminal voltage at the short charge pause, and the SOC (state of charge);The depolarization by momentary discharge according to the reference of optimal curve. A real-time depolarization strategy is proposed that takes polarization voltage and SOC as inputs. Taking the temperature in to the algorithm, the corresponding drive pulse is output to implement depolarization phenomena.A new-type Buck-Boost topology was applied to perform charger and depolarizer.The software/hardware implementation of a MCU (C8051F023) based system controller that performs high-speed data-acquisition, event management, control algorithm and output control.The experiment resulted indicated that by application of new control strategy, the charging efficiency was improved to about 80%, and there was no apparent electrolyte temperature-rise, and after the regenerative charging, the battery's capacity was markedly increased.