The Impact Of Intelligentsia Culture On The Space Principle Of The Ancient Villages Of Nanxi River Basin

Nanxi River Basin was a comparatively independent culture circle, and the ancient villages in Nanxi River Basin also had unique characters comparing to other ancient villages in South Yangtze River Area. Firstly, they had synthesis plan from the very beginning and all the villages had comprehensive public infrastructure; secondly, they attached great importance on the construction of public spaces for communication; thirdly, the public center and public garden of these villages had great art quality, which as good as the gardens of in South Yangtze River Area. All those special qualities had close relationship with the intelligentsia culture and intelligentsias, which had great influence on the construction of those villages. The intelligentsias involved themselves into every stage of the village construction from site selection to construction management, and the intelligentsia culture influenced the form of village spaces from philosophy, value, culture, art and so on. In Nanxi River Basin, Intelligentsias were the bridge between the upper-culture to the rural culture. Thanks to them, the upper-culture strongly influenced the rural culture of Nanxi River Basin.The intellectuals participated into the construction process of villages through three different roles, Fengshui master, clan manager, and rural gentry. Therefore, taking these three roles as clue, the thesis discusses the impact of intelligentsia culture on the space principles of the ancient villages from three aspects, which are Fengshui master with the Fengshui Principle, clan manager with the building principle of clan, and rural gentry with the poem and painting principle. The discussion is around the corresponding relationship between the space principles and space forms of the ancient villages and their space prototype and culture root.The common ground of Intelligentsia culture and Fengshsui theory produced the Fengshui Principles of the ancient villages (Principle of Enclosure, Hiding, Symbolization and Xingshi), influenced the site selection and planning, and decided the environment and form of the village.The combination of Intelligentsia culture and the ideology of clan led to the Building Princieples of Clan (Principle of Center Space Sequence), influcenced the structure of village, and decided the arrangement of the center spaces.The poem and paint theory of Intelligentsia culture, led to the Poem and Paint Space Principle of the anciet villages (Principle of Timize, Rhythmize, Imagize, Topology, Multi-sence, Artistic conception and Appreciation of Space), influenced the design of center spaces of village, and created artistic ways to build space.In the end, the thesis concludes the corresponding relationship between these space principles and their prototype and culture root, and found out that, among three main components of the Intelligentsia culture, the Confucianism, the Buddhism and the Taoism, Taoism had biggest influence on the space principles. It indicates that when the Intelligentsia culture broke away from the bondage of the feudal ruling in the rural place, the nature, free, and artistic side of the culture showed its great value, and took over the other side of feudal defender.