Analysis On Spatio-Temporal Changes Of Water Use Efficiency And Influencing Factors In LiaoNing Province

LiaoNing Province is one of the most serious water shortage's provinces in northern China, in which the distribution of water is seriously unbalanced in different seasons and regions. The demand on water resources is increasing with the development of industrialization, urbanization and building a Well-off Society in an All-Round Way. The contradiction between supplement and demand of water becomes more and more conspicuous. Water shortage has been a major bottleneck factor for the sustainable development of society and economy in LiaoNing. Improving the efficiency of water usage is one of the most efficient approaches to reduce the stress of water resource. Hence, the comprehensive and objective study of water usage efficiency and the analysis of efficiency among regions are significant and demanded to draw up the local and national policy.The current work absorbed the successful experience and important results of the domestic and international related investigations. Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) was successfully employed to calculate the efficiency of water usage in LiaoNing. In addition, both new concepts ("technique redundancy ratio" and "scale redundancy ratio") were suggested and successfully were related to economic development.In this paper, C2R model of DEA and the present condition of water usage in LiaoNing were firstly reviewed. And then, the water use efficiency of each city from 1999 to 2005 was calculated by using DEA. The residential use water, productive use water, labor employment and capital stock was specified as inputs, while gross domestic products (GDP) as output. The results calculated were analyzed on the basis of spatio-temporal changes of water use efficiency. The analysis in space shows that water use efficiency is distinctly different among fourteen cities. In general, the efficiency in developed regions is higher than that in developing regions, and the average efficiency of whole province tends to increase with the developing of time. In detail, the efficiency in developed regions is always increasing whereas that in developing regions slightly decreases at 2000 before increases. On the basis of the results obtained above, regression analysis of main factors influencing water usage efficiency was performed. The result shows that there are four main factors influencing water use efficiency. Per capita GDP and the proportion of the third industry are directly proportional to the efficiency while per capita water resource and residential use water are inversely proportional. The regions with different level of development are slightly different in the factors influencing the efficiency, per capita GDP, however are the common factor in all regions. Finally, on the basis of the present study, some rational suggestions used to improve the water use efficiency, which contribute to the sustainable utilization of water resources, were provided by considering the present situation of water usage and management in LiaoNing.