Design Of Testing Instrument For Static Banlance Of Gyroscope Witah Photoelectric Method

The gyroscope is a key component in navigation system, rotor's quality affect directly on the whole system's operating performance. In the numerous influencing factors, gyro rotor's static imbalance can not only cause vibration, reduce the operating performance, but also accelerate the gyral parts' abrasion and shorten the working lifespan. With the development of spaceflight technology in our country, the request of rotor's lifespan, precision and reliability is getting higher and higher, we exigently need a method with high precision to measure gyroscope's static imbalance, including magnitude and direction, according that carry on the adjustment to the rotor to improve the quality distribution relative to its center axes, and then the vibration which caused by rotor's circumrotating and the force which act on bearing will be reduced to the permission range. Therefore, the testing instrument for static balance has an extremely important function in astronautics.After introducing and analyzing the ever exist methods of static balance measurement, we decide to use precise machinery combined with photoelectric measurement to accomplish the measure task, which have both the machinary's high sensitivity and photoelectric measurement's high precision. Thereinto, the mechanism is based on knife edge supporting structure, and the photoelectric part uses the autocollimator to accomplish the task.In the part of machinery, this paper has a detailed introduction about frame part, raising part and pedestal part, including their function, characteristics and the design requirements, while guaranteed the measure function, we figured out to use a pair of knives with thick edge and a pair of knives with thin edge together, and add damping structure to reduce knives' abrasion, besides, the mechanical sensitivity can also be adjusted according to need.Photoelectric measurement part uses collimator to realize, after understanding the collimator work principle, this article separately compared some types of several components which will influence the measuring accuracy, including imaging device, light source and division board, finally determined the appropriate type.In the end, this article has a detailed description of criterion for the equipment assembly and adjustment and matters need attention, through the error analysis of the whole instruments, confirmed that the design satisfied the request.